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COVID-19 vaccine → Guillain-Barré Syndrome

Evidence dossier · candidate cand-covid-guillain-barr-syndrome · CICP program · · DRAFT — not a determination
This is a draft research-tracking dossier, not a determination that COVID-19 vaccine causes Guillain-Barré Syndrome, and not an incidence or legal finding. All evidence is flagged needs_human_review and must be reviewed before any page is published or cited. Every value is grounded in retrieved citations (PMID + retrieval date); unsourced items read "no evidence found / not assessable". Symmetric search: every supporting query has a mirror/null query, and zeros are shown (negative dossiers report the absence of signal).

Claim matrix (C1–C6, computed)

ClaimLabelStatusMissing nodes
C1Coherent clinical object existssupported
C2Consistent temporal windowsupported
C3Epidemiologic excess riskcontested
C4Consistency / replicationcontested
C5Specificity (product / dose)contested
C6Biological mechanismsupported

Two evidentiary bars apply to the epi nodes/claims (C3, C4):
· VICP — preponderance of the evidence.
· CICP (off-Table) — compelling, reliable, valid medical and scientific evidence (higher bar).

Bradford Hill assessment (computed)

Each viewpoint is derived from the node statuses below (see the framework crosswalk in compensation-tables-schema.md §8). Hill's viewpoints are aids to judgement, not a scoring checklist that proves causation; temporality is the only strictly necessary criterion.

ViewpointWhat it asksStatus (from evidence)
Temporality (necessary)cause precedes effect in a plausible window (necessary)met · via A3 A4 A5
Strengthsize/precision of the associationnot established
Consistencyreproduced across settings/designsnot established
Specificitytied to a specific product/dose/outcomenot established
Biological gradientdose-responsenot established
Plausibilitya named biological mechanismnot established
Coherencefits known biology/natural historypartial / mixed · via A9 A10
Experimentintervention changes risknot established
Analogyprecedent for the patternnot established

NASEM weight-of-evidence synthesis (computed)

TrackWeightBasis
EpidemiologicLIMITEDvia B1, B2, B3, B4, B5, B8
MechanisticWEAKvia A9, A10, C1n, C2n, C3n, C4n, C5n · missing: D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 E1 E2 E3 E4 E5 E6 E7 E8 E9 E10 F1 …
Synthesized conclusionInadequate to accept or reject

NASEM (formerly IOM), "Adverse Effects of Vaccines: Evidence and Causality" (2011, updated 2024). Independent grading of epidemiologic and mechanistic evidence, synthesized into one of four causal-conclusion categories. This is a computed approximation of that framework, not a NASEM determination. See compensation-tables-schema.md §8bis.

Case-definition standard: Brighton Collaboration (named in spec §1: Guillain-Barre syndrome) — governs the case-certainty scale on A1/A2/A6/A8 below. See compensation-tables-schema.md §8ter.

Evidence matrix (68 nodes by workstream)

68 of 68 nodes evaluated · 136 PubMed queries logged (supporting + mirror, incl. zeros). Statuses are computed from retrieved citations; not hand-set.

Definition & attribution 24/24 evaluated

A1 · Case reportsmixed
Measure: New definite object in risk window T
Comparator: Pre-vaccination baseline
Hit rule: Definite object present, onset in window, competing causes considered
Finding: Multiple case reports and case series describe Guillain-Barré syndrome occurring within days to weeks after COVID-19 vaccination, with documented onset in the risk window and consideration of competing causes (e.g., infections). The evidence is limited to spontaneous reports and lacks controlled epidemiological comparators.
Cited: PMID 35615850 PMID 36398559 PMID 34330729 PMID 35528113 PMID 38401232 PMID 36532828 PMID 37198513 PMID 35157644
supporting: COVID-19 vaccine Guillain-Barré Syndrome case report OR case series Case reports
pubmed · 66307 hits · run 2026-09-07
mirror: COVID-19 vaccine Guillain-Barré Syndrome alternative diagnosis OR not vaccine-related
pubmed · 4056 hits · run 2026-09-07
17 retrieved record(s)
supports_node 35615850 · Journal of Nepal Health Research Council (2022) — Post COVID-19 vaccine Guillain-Barré syndrome.
ambiguous 36398559 · British journal of clinical pharmacology (2023) — Guillain-Barré syndrome after COVID-19 vaccines: A Tunisian case series.
ambiguous 34330729 · BMJ case reports (2021) — Guillain-Barré syndrome after COVID-19 vaccination.
ambiguous 35528113 · Vacunas (2022) — [Case report of Guillain-Barré Syndrome after COVID BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine].
supports_node 38401232 · Clinical neurology and neurosurgery (2024) — Guillain-Barré syndrome after COVID-19 vaccination: A systematic review and analysis of case reports.
supports_node 36532828 · The Egyptian journal of neurology, psych (2022) — Guillain-Barré syndrome following different COVID-19 vaccines: a case series.
supports_node 37198513 · Acta neurologica Taiwanica (2023) — Guillain-Barré Syndrome Following the BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 Vaccine.
supports_node 35157644 · The American journal of case reports (2022) — Guillain-Barré Syndrome After Ad26.COV2.S Vaccination.
A2 · Series with objective confirmationsupports
Measure: Definite object plus objective test
Comparator: Reference range / diagnostic criteria
Hit rule: Objective confirmation in >=1 case per the working definition
Finding: Multiple case reports describe Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) with objective diagnostic confirmation (cerebrospinal fluid analysis, electromyography) occurring within 2 weeks of COVID-19 vaccination (ChAdOx1, Ad26.COV2.S). One cohort study from Kerala reports 7 cases with a frequency 1.4- to 10-fold higher than expected, but no population-level systematic objective confirmation data for individual cases beyond clinical and electrophysiological criteria.
Cited: PMID 34330729 PMID 34114256 PMID 35157644 PMID 35615850 PMID 38711707
supporting: COVID-19 vaccine Guillain-Barré Syndrome case report OR case series Series with objective confirmation
pubmed · 5790 hits · run 2026-09-07
mirror: COVID-19 vaccine Guillain-Barré Syndrome alternative diagnosis OR not vaccine-related
pubmed · 4056 hits · run 2026-09-07
14 retrieved record(s)
ambiguous 34330729 · BMJ case reports (2021) — Guillain-Barré syndrome after COVID-19 vaccination.
supports_node 34114256 · Annals of neurology (2021) — Guillain-Barré Syndrome following ChAdOx1-S/nCoV-19 Vaccine.
supports_node 35157644 · The American journal of case reports (2022) — Guillain-Barré Syndrome After Ad26.COV2.S Vaccination.
supports_node 35615850 · Journal of Nepal Health Research Council (2022) — Post COVID-19 vaccine Guillain-Barré syndrome.
supports_node 38711707 · Cureus (2024) — Guillain-Barré Syndrome After a SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine.
ambiguous 33647971 · QJM : monthly journal of the Association (2021) — COVID-19 vaccine-related myositis.
does_not_resolve 37775180 · Clinical medicine (London, England) (2023) — SARS-CoV-2 vaccines and myocarditis.
does_not_resolve 36441403 · Current cardiology reports (2022) — COVID-19 Vaccine-Related Myocardial and Pericardial Inflammation.
A3 · Onset histogramsupports
Measure: Distribution of onset times after dose
Comparator: Pre-specified risk window
Hit rule: Onset clusters inside the pre-specified window (not uniform/flat)
Finding: Multiple case reports and case series describe Guillain-Barré syndrome onset within 2–4 weeks after COVID-19 vaccination, predominantly with viral vector vaccines (ChAdOx1, Ad26.COV2.S), including a cluster of 7 cases within 2 weeks of vaccination in Kerala (PMID 34114256) and a Tunisian series of 4 cases (PMID 36398559). The evidence is exclusively derived from case reports/series with no controlled epidemiological data confirming clustering versus background incidence.
Cited: PMID 34330729 PMID 35157644 PMID 35615850 PMID 36398559 PMID 38711707 PMID 34114256 PMID 34967005 PMID 35528113
supporting: COVID-19 vaccine Guillain-Barré Syndrome case report OR case series Onset histogram
pubmed · 149 hits · run 2026-09-07
mirror: COVID-19 vaccine Guillain-Barré Syndrome alternative diagnosis OR not vaccine-related
pubmed · 4056 hits · run 2026-09-07
17 retrieved record(s)
ambiguous 34330729 · BMJ case reports (2021) — Guillain-Barré syndrome after COVID-19 vaccination.
supports_node 35157644 · The American journal of case reports (2022) — Guillain-Barré Syndrome After Ad26.COV2.S Vaccination.
supports_node 35615850 · Journal of Nepal Health Research Council (2022) — Post COVID-19 vaccine Guillain-Barré syndrome.
supports_node 36398559 · British journal of clinical pharmacology (2023) — Guillain-Barré syndrome after COVID-19 vaccines: A Tunisian case series.
supports_node 38711707 · Cureus (2024) — Guillain-Barré Syndrome After a SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine.
supports_node 34114256 · Annals of neurology (2021) — Guillain-Barré Syndrome following ChAdOx1-S/nCoV-19 Vaccine.
supports_node 34967005 · Acta neurologica Scandinavica (2022) — Guillain-Barre syndrome following COVID-19 vaccines: A scoping review.
ambiguous 35528113 · Vacunas (2022) — [Case report of Guillain-Barré Syndrome after COVID BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine].
A4 · Temporal plausibilitysupports
Measure: Onset latency vs object pathophysiology
Comparator: Object's known natural latency
Hit rule: Onset latency consistent with the object's pathophysiology
Finding: Multiple case reports and a case series describe Guillain-Barré syndrome onset occurring 15 days to 2 weeks after COVID-19 vaccination (ChAdOx1 nCoV-19, Ad26.COV2.S, AZD1222, BNT162b2), with one report noting onset as early as 24 hours after the second dose of an mRNA vaccine. However, these are single cases or small series without formal causal or epidemiological confirmation.
Cited: PMID 34330729 PMID 35157644 PMID 35615850 PMID 36398559 PMID 38711707 PMID 34114256 PMID 35528113
supporting: COVID-19 vaccine Guillain-Barré Syndrome case report OR case series Temporal plausibility
pubmed · 177 hits · run 2026-09-07
mirror: COVID-19 vaccine Guillain-Barré Syndrome alternative diagnosis OR not vaccine-related
pubmed · 4056 hits · run 2026-09-07
16 retrieved record(s)
ambiguous 34330729 · BMJ case reports (2021) — Guillain-Barré syndrome after COVID-19 vaccination.
supports_node 35157644 · The American journal of case reports (2022) — Guillain-Barré Syndrome After Ad26.COV2.S Vaccination.
supports_node 35615850 · Journal of Nepal Health Research Council (2022) — Post COVID-19 vaccine Guillain-Barré syndrome.
supports_node 36398559 · British journal of clinical pharmacology (2023) — Guillain-Barré syndrome after COVID-19 vaccines: A Tunisian case series.
supports_node 38711707 · Cureus (2024) — Guillain-Barré Syndrome After a SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine.
supports_node 34114256 · Annals of neurology (2021) — Guillain-Barré Syndrome following ChAdOx1-S/nCoV-19 Vaccine.
ambiguous 35528113 · Vacunas (2022) — [Case report of Guillain-Barré Syndrome after COVID BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine].
ambiguous 33647971 · QJM : monthly journal of the Association (2021) — COVID-19 vaccine-related myositis.
A5 · Onset-interval documentationsupports
Measure: Onset interval documented in source
Comparator: Dose date
Hit rule: Onset interval is recorded (not imputed) in a primary source
Finding: Multiple case reports and case series document that the onset interval between COVID-19 vaccination and Guillain-Barré syndrome was explicitly recorded in the primary sources, typically ranging from 2 to 15 days after vaccination.
Cited: PMID 34330729 PMID 35157644 PMID 35615850 PMID 38711707 PMID 34114256 PMID 34967005 PMID 36398559
supporting: COVID-19 vaccine Guillain-Barré Syndrome case report OR case series Onset-interval documentation
pubmed · 147 hits · run 2026-09-07
mirror: COVID-19 vaccine Guillain-Barré Syndrome alternative diagnosis OR not vaccine-related
pubmed · 4056 hits · run 2026-09-07
16 retrieved record(s)
ambiguous 34330729 · BMJ case reports (2021) — Guillain-Barré syndrome after COVID-19 vaccination.
supports_node 35157644 · The American journal of case reports (2022) — Guillain-Barré Syndrome After Ad26.COV2.S Vaccination.
supports_node 35615850 · Journal of Nepal Health Research Council (2022) — Post COVID-19 vaccine Guillain-Barré syndrome.
supports_node 38711707 · Cureus (2024) — Guillain-Barré Syndrome After a SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine.
supports_node 34114256 · Annals of neurology (2021) — Guillain-Barré Syndrome following ChAdOx1-S/nCoV-19 Vaccine.
ambiguous 34967005 · Acta neurologica Scandinavica (2022) — Guillain-Barre syndrome following COVID-19 vaccines: A scoping review.
supports_node 36398559 · British journal of clinical pharmacology (2023) — Guillain-Barré syndrome after COVID-19 vaccines: A Tunisian case series.
ambiguous 33647971 · QJM : monthly journal of the Association (2021) — COVID-19 vaccine-related myositis.
A6 · Differential diagnosis excludedno_data
Measure: Competing causes assessed and excluded
Comparator: Likely alternative diagnoses
Hit rule: Pre-specified competing causes ruled out per the working definition
Finding: The retrieved evidence includes a single case report of Guillain-Barré syndrome after the first dose of the AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine, but the authors state there is no evidence of increased risk and that a temporal correlation does not imply causality.
Cited: PMID 34330729
supporting: COVID-19 vaccine Guillain-Barré Syndrome case report OR case series Differential diagnosis excluded
pubmed · 574 hits · run 2026-09-07
mirror: COVID-19 vaccine Guillain-Barré Syndrome alternative diagnosis OR not vaccine-related
pubmed · 4056 hits · run 2026-09-07
10 retrieved record(s)
ambiguous 34330729 · BMJ case reports (2021) — Guillain-Barré syndrome after COVID-19 vaccination.
ambiguous 33647971 · QJM : monthly journal of the Association (2021) — COVID-19 vaccine-related myositis.
does_not_resolve 37775180 · Clinical medicine (London, England) (2023) — SARS-CoV-2 vaccines and myocarditis.
does_not_resolve 36441403 · Current cardiology reports (2022) — COVID-19 Vaccine-Related Myocardial and Pericardial Inflammation.
does_not_resolve 30000765 · (2006) — Human Papillomavirus Vaccines.
ambiguous 34854882 · Blood (2021) — VITT(al) insights into vaccine-related clots.
ambiguous 36381561 · Public health in practice (Oxford, Engla (2022) — Monkeypox vaccine-related stigma.
does_not_resolve 40927603 · Journal of healthcare, science and the h (2024) — The Effects of Covid-19 Vaccination on Menstruation: Are women with underlying reproductive health conditions, particularly black women at a higher risk for vac
A7 · Rechallenge / re-exposureno_data
Measure: Object recurs on a further dose
Comparator: First-dose response
Hit rule: Object recurs after a subsequent dose (re-exposure)
Finding: The retrieved evidence contains multiple case reports of Guillain-Barré syndrome occurring after a first dose, but only one case (PMID 35528113) reports onset after a second dose (re-exposure). No case describes recurrence after a subsequent dose in a patient who had prior GBS attributed to the vaccine, which is the core requirement for a rechallenge hit.
Cited: (none)
supporting: COVID-19 vaccine Guillain-Barré Syndrome case report OR case series Rechallenge / re-exposure
pubmed · 149 hits · run 2026-09-07
mirror: COVID-19 vaccine Guillain-Barré Syndrome alternative diagnosis OR not vaccine-related
pubmed · 4056 hits · run 2026-09-07
17 retrieved record(s)
ambiguous 34330729 · BMJ case reports (2021) — Guillain-Barré syndrome after COVID-19 vaccination.
ambiguous 35528113 · Vacunas (2022) — [Case report of Guillain-Barré Syndrome after COVID BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine].
ambiguous 35157644 · The American journal of case reports (2022) — Guillain-Barré Syndrome After Ad26.COV2.S Vaccination.
supports_node 34249353 · Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) (2021) — Post-COVID-19 vaccine Guillain-Barré syndrome; first reported case from Qatar.
ambiguous 36465787 · Cureus (2022) — COVID-19 Vaccination a Cause of Guillain-Barré Syndrome? A Case Series.
supports_node 38711707 · Cureus (2024) — Guillain-Barré Syndrome After a SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine.
ambiguous 35615850 · Journal of Nepal Health Research Council (2022) — Post COVID-19 vaccine Guillain-Barré syndrome.
ambiguous 37781729 · Acta neurologica Taiwanica (2023) — Guillain-Barré Syndrome Following the mRNA COVID-19 Vaccination: Comment.
A8 · Adjudicated by criteria (Brighton Collaboration)no_data
Measure: Object adjudicated by published criteria
Comparator: Published clinical / Brighton criteria
Hit rule: Cases adjudicated to 'definite' by a published criterion set
Finding: Retrieved evidence consists only of individual case reports and small case series describing Guillain-Barré syndrome after COVID-19 vaccination, with no studies applying a published adjudication criterion set to classify cases as 'definite' for this node.
Cited: (none)
supporting: COVID-19 vaccine Guillain-Barré Syndrome case report OR case series Adjudicated by criteria
pubmed · 186 hits · run 2026-09-07
mirror: COVID-19 vaccine Guillain-Barré Syndrome alternative diagnosis OR not vaccine-related
pubmed · 4056 hits · run 2026-09-07
16 retrieved record(s)
ambiguous 34330729 · BMJ case reports (2021) — Guillain-Barré syndrome after COVID-19 vaccination.
supports_node 35157644 · The American journal of case reports (2022) — Guillain-Barré Syndrome After Ad26.COV2.S Vaccination.
supports_node 35615850 · Journal of Nepal Health Research Council (2022) — Post COVID-19 vaccine Guillain-Barré syndrome.
supports_node 36398559 · British journal of clinical pharmacology (2023) — Guillain-Barré syndrome after COVID-19 vaccines: A Tunisian case series.
supports_node 38711707 · Cureus (2024) — Guillain-Barré Syndrome After a SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine.
supports_node 34114256 · Annals of neurology (2021) — Guillain-Barré Syndrome following ChAdOx1-S/nCoV-19 Vaccine.
supports_node 34967005 · Acta neurologica Scandinavica (2022) — Guillain-Barre syndrome following COVID-19 vaccines: A scoping review.
ambiguous 33647971 · QJM : monthly journal of the Association (2021) — COVID-19 vaccine-related myositis.
A9 · Natural-history consistencymixed
Measure: Course matches the object's natural history
Comparator: Known natural history of the object
Hit rule: Clinical course (onset, peak, recovery) matches the object's natural history
Finding: Multiple case reports describe Guillain-Barré syndrome onset within 2 weeks after COVID-19 vaccination (e.g., Vaxzevria, Ad26.COV2.S, ChAdOx1-S), with clinical course (acute flaccid weakness, CSF and EMG findings) consistent with GBS natural history; however, no controlled data establish expected natural-history consistency beyond case-level temporal patterns.
Cited: PMID 34330729 PMID 35157644 PMID 35615850 PMID 38711707 PMID 34114256
supporting: COVID-19 vaccine Guillain-Barré Syndrome case report OR case series Natural-history consistency
pubmed · 250 hits · run 2026-09-07
mirror: COVID-19 vaccine Guillain-Barré Syndrome alternative diagnosis OR not vaccine-related
pubmed · 4056 hits · run 2026-09-07
14 retrieved record(s)
does_not_resolve 34330729 · BMJ case reports (2021) — Guillain-Barré syndrome after COVID-19 vaccination.
supports_node 35157644 · The American journal of case reports (2022) — Guillain-Barré Syndrome After Ad26.COV2.S Vaccination.
supports_node 35615850 · Journal of Nepal Health Research Council (2022) — Post COVID-19 vaccine Guillain-Barré syndrome.
supports_node 38711707 · Cureus (2024) — Guillain-Barré Syndrome After a SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine.
supports_node 34114256 · Annals of neurology (2021) — Guillain-Barré Syndrome following ChAdOx1-S/nCoV-19 Vaccine.
does_not_resolve 33647971 · QJM : monthly journal of the Association (2021) — COVID-19 vaccine-related myositis.
does_not_resolve 37775180 · Clinical medicine (London, England) (2023) — SARS-CoV-2 vaccines and myocarditis.
does_not_resolve 36441403 · Current cardiology reports (2022) — COVID-19 Vaccine-Related Myocardial and Pericardial Inflammation.
A10 · No confounding objectmixed
Measure: Not attributable to a co-occurring condition
Comparator: Co-occurring illness that could produce the object
Hit rule: Object not better explained by a co-occurring condition (infection, etc.)
Finding: Multiple case reports and small case series describe Guillain-Barré syndrome occurring within days to weeks after COVID-19 vaccination, but most authors explicitly caution that a causal association is not established and population-level evidence remains limited.
Cited: PMID 34330729 PMID 35157644 PMID 35615850 PMID 38711707 PMID 34114256 PMID 34967005 PMID 36398559 PMID 35528113
supporting: COVID-19 vaccine Guillain-Barré Syndrome case report OR case series No confounding object
pubmed · 166 hits · run 2026-09-07
mirror: COVID-19 vaccine Guillain-Barré Syndrome alternative diagnosis OR not vaccine-related
pubmed · 4056 hits · run 2026-09-07
17 retrieved record(s)
ambiguous 34330729 · BMJ case reports (2021) — Guillain-Barré syndrome after COVID-19 vaccination.
supports_node 35157644 · The American journal of case reports (2022) — Guillain-Barré Syndrome After Ad26.COV2.S Vaccination.
ambiguous 35615850 · Journal of Nepal Health Research Council (2022) — Post COVID-19 vaccine Guillain-Barré syndrome.
supports_node 38711707 · Cureus (2024) — Guillain-Barré Syndrome After a SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine.
supports_node 34114256 · Annals of neurology (2021) — Guillain-Barré Syndrome following ChAdOx1-S/nCoV-19 Vaccine.
supports_node 34967005 · Acta neurologica Scandinavica (2022) — Guillain-Barre syndrome following COVID-19 vaccines: A scoping review.
supports_node 36398559 · British journal of clinical pharmacology (2023) — Guillain-Barré syndrome after COVID-19 vaccines: A Tunisian case series.
supports_node 35528113 · Vacunas (2022) — [Case report of Guillain-Barré Syndrome after COVID BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine].
D1 · Predicted site of injuryno_data
Measure: Object at the site the mechanism predicts
Comparator: Predicted anatomic site from the mechanism
Hit rule: Object localizes to the anatomic site the mechanism predicts
Finding: no evidence found
Cited: (none)
supporting: COVID-19 vaccine Guillain-Barré Syndrome anatomic localization Predicted site of injury mechanism
pubmed · 0 hits (0 hits — negative) · run 2026-09-07
mirror: COVID-19 vaccine Guillain-Barré Syndrome Predicted site of injury not consistent with mechanism
pubmed · 0 hits (0 hits — negative) · run 2026-09-07
D2 · Spared structuresno_data
Measure: Structures the mechanism should spare are spared
Comparator: Structures predicted unaffected
Hit rule: Structures predicted spared by the mechanism are indeed spared
Finding: no evidence found
Cited: (none)
supporting: COVID-19 vaccine Guillain-Barré Syndrome anatomic localization Spared structures mechanism
pubmed · 0 hits (0 hits — negative) · run 2026-09-07
mirror: COVID-19 vaccine Guillain-Barré Syndrome Spared structures not consistent with mechanism
pubmed · 0 hits (0 hits — negative) · run 2026-09-07
D3 · Local vs systemic distributionno_data
Measure: Distribution matches mechanism scope
Comparator: Local (injection site) vs systemic expectation
Hit rule: Observed distribution (local vs systemic) matches the mechanism's predicted scope
Finding: no evidence found
Cited: (none)
supporting: COVID-19 vaccine Guillain-Barré Syndrome anatomic localization Local vs systemic distribution mechanism
pubmed · 0 hits (0 hits — negative) · run 2026-09-07
mirror: COVID-19 vaccine Guillain-Barré Syndrome Local vs systemic distribution not consistent with mechanism
pubmed · 0 hits (0 hits — negative) · run 2026-09-07
D4 · Kinetics classno_data
Measure: Onset/offset kinetics match the mechanism
Comparator: Expected kinetic class (acute vs chronic)
Hit rule: Onset and offset kinetics are in the class the mechanism predicts
Finding: no evidence found
Cited: (none)
supporting: COVID-19 vaccine Guillain-Barré Syndrome anatomic localization Kinetics class mechanism
pubmed · 0 hits (0 hits — negative) · run 2026-09-07
mirror: COVID-19 vaccine Guillain-Barré Syndrome Kinetics class not consistent with mechanism
pubmed · 0 hits (0 hits — negative) · run 2026-09-07
D5 · Platform-mechanism matchno_data
Measure: Mechanism is consistent with the platform
Comparator: Mechanistic expectation for the platform
Hit rule: The proposed mechanism is biologically consistent with the vaccine platform
Finding: no evidence found
Cited: (none)
supporting: COVID-19 vaccine Guillain-Barré Syndrome anatomic localization Platform-mechanism match mechanism
pubmed · 0 hits (0 hits — negative) · run 2026-09-07
mirror: COVID-19 vaccine Guillain-Barré Syndrome Platform-mechanism match not consistent with mechanism
pubmed · 0 hits (0 hits — negative) · run 2026-09-07
H3 · Targeted treatment reversesno_data
Measure: A targeted treatment reverses the object in patients
Comparator: Treatment-naive / placebo
Hit rule: A mechanism-directed treatment reverses the object (vs control treatment)
Finding: no evidence found
Cited: (none)
supporting: COVID-19 vaccine Guillain-Barré Syndrome Targeted treatment reverses intervention OR treatment OR reversal
pubmed · 15142392 hits · run 2026-09-07
mirror: COVID-19 vaccine Guillain-Barré Syndrome Targeted treatment reverses no effect intervention
pubmed · 0 hits (0 hits — negative) · run 2026-09-07
I1 · No internal contradictionno_data
Measure: No node's finding contradicts another
Comparator: Internal consistency across nodes
Hit rule: No evaluated node directly contradicts another (coherence)
Finding: no evidence found
Cited: (none)
supporting: COVID-19 vaccine Guillain-Barré Syndrome No internal contradiction coherence OR latency OR susceptibility
pubmed · 870068 hits · run 2026-09-07
mirror: COVID-19 vaccine Guillain-Barré Syndrome No internal contradiction inconsistent OR contradicts
pubmed · 27612 hits · run 2026-09-07
I2 · Analogy to a known objectno_data
Measure: Object analogous to a well-established analog
Comparator: Established analog's profile
Hit rule: The object's profile matches a well-established analog on key features
Finding: no evidence found
Cited: (none)
supporting: COVID-19 vaccine Guillain-Barré Syndrome Analogy to a known object coherence OR latency OR susceptibility
pubmed · 870068 hits · run 2026-09-07
mirror: COVID-19 vaccine Guillain-Barré Syndrome Analogy to a known object inconsistent OR contradicts
pubmed · 27612 hits · run 2026-09-07
I5 · Latency coherenceno_data
Measure: Observed latency matches the mechanism's latency
Comparator: Mechanism-predicted latency
Hit rule: Observed onset latency is coherent with the mechanism's predicted latency
Finding: no evidence found
Cited: (none)
supporting: COVID-19 vaccine Guillain-Barré Syndrome Latency coherence coherence OR latency OR susceptibility
pubmed · 870068 hits · run 2026-09-07
mirror: COVID-19 vaccine Guillain-Barré Syndrome Latency coherence inconsistent OR contradicts
pubmed · 27612 hits · run 2026-09-07
J1 · Pre-specificationno_data
Measure: Window/hit-rule pre-specified before data
Comparator: Pre-specified vs post-hoc
Hit rule: The risk window, object, and hit rule were pre-specified before data were seen
Finding: The retrieved evidence includes a study on immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia after COVID-19 vaccination (PMID 35412949) but contains no mention of Guillain-Barré syndrome. The other two retrieved studies (PMID 41493293 and PMID 39226489) address general adjudication methods for cardiovascular or immune-related adverse events and do not discuss Guillain-Barré syndrome or COVID-19 vaccine.
Cited: (none)
supporting: COVID-19 vaccine Guillain-Barré Syndrome Pre-specification pre-specified OR adjudicated
pubmed · 13550 hits · run 2026-09-07
mirror: COVID-19 vaccine Guillain-Barré Syndrome Pre-specification post-hoc OR hypothesis-generating only
pubmed · 1700 hits · run 2026-09-07
3 retrieved record(s)
does_not_resolve 41493293 · Journal of the American College of Cardi (2026) — Using Artificial Intelligence to Adjudicate Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events in Clinical Trials.
does_not_resolve 39226489 · Journal of clinical oncology : official (2024) — Enhancing Precision in Detecting Severe Immune-Related Adverse Events: Comparative Analysis of Large Language Models and International Classification of Disease
does_not_resolve 35412949 · Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics (2022) — Explaining COVID-19 postvaccination-related immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia: a hypothesis-generating in-silico approach.
J2 · Contrary-evidence logno_data
Measure: Contrary evidence is logged, not omitted
Comparator: Support-only dossier
Hit rule: Contrary / null / refuting findings are logged and shown alongside support
Finding: no evidence found
Cited: (none)
supporting: COVID-19 vaccine Guillain-Barré Syndrome Contrary-evidence log pre-specified OR adjudicated
pubmed · 13550 hits · run 2026-09-07
mirror: COVID-19 vaccine Guillain-Barré Syndrome Contrary-evidence log post-hoc OR hypothesis-generating only
pubmed · 1700 hits · run 2026-09-07
2 retrieved record(s)
does_not_resolve 41493293 · Journal of the American College of Cardi (2026) — Using Artificial Intelligence to Adjudicate Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events in Clinical Trials.
does_not_resolve 39226489 · Journal of clinical oncology : official (2024) — Enhancing Precision in Detecting Severe Immune-Related Adverse Events: Comparative Analysis of Large Language Models and International Classification of Disease
J3 · No temporality-only claimno_data
Measure: Claim not based on temporality alone
Comparator: Sequence-only evidence
Hit rule: The claim is not supported by temporal sequence alone (independent evidence exists)
Finding: No retrieved evidence addresses Guillain-Barré Syndrome temporality or causality in relation to COVID-19 vaccination.
Cited: (none)
supporting: COVID-19 vaccine Guillain-Barré Syndrome No temporality-only claim pre-specified OR adjudicated
pubmed · 13551 hits · run 2026-09-07
mirror: COVID-19 vaccine Guillain-Barré Syndrome No temporality-only claim post-hoc OR hypothesis-generating only
pubmed · 1701 hits · run 2026-09-07
2 retrieved record(s)
does_not_resolve 41493293 · Journal of the American College of Cardi (2026) — Using Artificial Intelligence to Adjudicate Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events in Clinical Trials.
does_not_resolve 39226489 · Journal of clinical oncology : official (2024) — Enhancing Precision in Detecting Severe Immune-Related Adverse Events: Comparative Analysis of Large Language Models and International Classification of Disease
J4 · Passive-surveillance roleno_data
Measure: Passive-surveillance findings bounded correctly
Comparator: Active-surveillance confirmation
Hit rule: Passive-surveillance signals are framed as hypothesis-generating, not confirmatory
Finding: The retrieved evidence addresses adjudication of major adverse cardiovascular events and immune-related adverse events using artificial intelligence and large language models, but does not mention Guillain-Barré Syndrome or passive surveillance of COVID-19 vaccine adverse events.
Cited: (none)
supporting: COVID-19 vaccine Guillain-Barré Syndrome Passive-surveillance role pre-specified OR adjudicated
pubmed · 13550 hits · run 2026-09-07
mirror: COVID-19 vaccine Guillain-Barré Syndrome Passive-surveillance role post-hoc OR hypothesis-generating only
pubmed · 1700 hits · run 2026-09-07
2 retrieved record(s)
does_not_resolve 41493293 · Journal of the American College of Cardi (2026) — Using Artificial Intelligence to Adjudicate Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events in Clinical Trials.
does_not_resolve 39226489 · Journal of clinical oncology : official (2024) — Enhancing Precision in Detecting Severe Immune-Related Adverse Events: Comparative Analysis of Large Language Models and International Classification of Disease
J5 · Dose mappingno_data
Measure: Dose/lot exposure mapped to the object
Comparator: Unmapped exposure
Hit rule: Dose / lot exposure is mapped to the object where the mechanism predicts it
Finding: no evidence found
Cited: (none)
supporting: COVID-19 vaccine Guillain-Barré Syndrome Dose mapping pre-specified OR adjudicated
pubmed · 13550 hits · run 2026-09-07
mirror: COVID-19 vaccine Guillain-Barré Syndrome Dose mapping post-hoc OR hypothesis-generating only
pubmed · 1700 hits · run 2026-09-07
2 retrieved record(s)
does_not_resolve 39226489 · Journal of clinical oncology : official (2024) — Enhancing Precision in Detecting Severe Immune-Related Adverse Events: Comparative Analysis of Large Language Models and International Classification of Disease
does_not_resolve 35412949 · Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics (2022) — Explaining COVID-19 postvaccination-related immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia: a hypothesis-generating in-silico approach.

Epidemiologic chassis 13/13 evaluated

B1 · Excess vs baselineno_data
Measure: RR/IRR vs unexposed or prior window
Comparator: Unvaccinated person-time or pre-vaccination window
Hit rule: RR/IRR > 1 with CI excluding 1 after pre-specified confounders
Finding: A multinational self-controlled case series study (PMID 40440921) estimated the relative incidence of GBS within 1-42 days following COVID-19 vaccination, but the abstract does not report the specific RR/IRR estimate or whether the confidence interval excluded 1. No other retrieved PMID provides direct comparative risk data for this node.
Cited: PMID 40440921
supporting: COVID-19 vaccine Guillain-Barré Syndrome Excess vs baseline incidence risk cohort OR self-controlled case series
pubmed · 945 hits · run 2026-09-07
mirror: COVID-19 vaccine Guillain-Barré Syndrome no association OR null OR no increased risk Excess vs baseline
pubmed · 88686 hits · run 2026-09-07
11 retrieved record(s)
supports_node 40440921 · Vaccine (2025) — Risk of Guillain-Barré syndrome after COVID-19 vaccination or SARS-CoV-2 infection: A multinational self-controlled case series study.
does_not_resolve 38089855 · European heart journal open (2023) — Risk of arrhythmias following COVID-19: nationwide self-controlled case series and matched cohort study.
refutes_node 40664645 · Nature communications (2025) — Evaluating the safety of XBB.1.5-containing COVID-19 mRNA vaccines using a self-controlled case series study.
does_not_resolve 37468475 · Nature communications (2023) — Herpes zoster vaccine safety in the Aotearoa New Zealand population: a self-controlled case series study.
does_not_resolve 38388239 · Vaccine (2024) — Mortality risk after COVID-19 vaccination: A self-controlled case series study.
refutes_node 34477808 · JAMA (2021) — Surveillance for Adverse Events After COVID-19 mRNA Vaccination.
supports_node 41160817 · The New England journal of medicine (2025) — Updated Evidence for Covid-19, RSV, and Influenza Vaccines for 2025-2026.
does_not_resolve 34489307 · Gut (2022) — Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and incident major adverse cardiovascular events: results from a nationwide histology cohort.
B2 · SCCSno_data
Measure: Self-controlled case series risk ratio
Comparator: Individuals' own risk intervals (no-event)
Hit rule: SCCS risk ratio > 1 in the post-vaccination window, CI excluding 1
Finding: A multinational self-controlled case series study (PMID 40440921) reported an association between Guillain-Barré syndrome and certain COVID-19 vaccines using SCCS, but the abstract does not provide the specific relative incidence or whether the CI excluded 1 for the post-vaccination window. Two other SCCS studies (PMID 40664645, PMID 34477808) listed GBS as an outcome but did not report risk ratios for this node in the provided abstracts.
Cited: PMID 40440921 PMID 40664645 PMID 34477808
supporting: COVID-19 vaccine Guillain-Barré Syndrome SCCS incidence risk cohort OR self-controlled case series
pubmed · 945 hits · run 2026-09-07
mirror: COVID-19 vaccine Guillain-Barré Syndrome no association OR null OR no increased risk SCCS
pubmed · 88793 hits · run 2026-09-07
9 retrieved record(s)
does_not_resolve 40924159 · Clinical infectious diseases : an offici (2025) — Transient Increased Risk of Shingles Post-Shingrix Vaccination: Self-Controlled Case-Series Analysis.
supports_node 40440921 · Vaccine (2025) — Risk of Guillain-Barré syndrome after COVID-19 vaccination or SARS-CoV-2 infection: A multinational self-controlled case series study.
does_not_resolve 38089855 · European heart journal open (2023) — Risk of arrhythmias following COVID-19: nationwide self-controlled case series and matched cohort study.
does_not_resolve 38875047 · The International journal of risk & safe (2024) — Self-controlled risk interval study of rotavirus vaccine safety: Findings and implications.
refutes_node 40664645 · Nature communications (2025) — Evaluating the safety of XBB.1.5-containing COVID-19 mRNA vaccines using a self-controlled case series study.
refutes_node 34477808 · JAMA (2021) — Surveillance for Adverse Events After COVID-19 mRNA Vaccination.
supports_node 41160817 · The New England journal of medicine (2025) — Updated Evidence for Covid-19, RSV, and Influenza Vaccines for 2025-2026.
does_not_resolve 39795956 · International journal of molecular scien (2024) — The Potential Metalloestrogenic Effect of Aluminum on Breast Cancer Risk for Antiperspirant Users.
B3 · Cohort / risk-intervalsupports
Measure: Incidence rate ratio in defined window
Comparator: Pre-specified risk vs comparison interval
Hit rule: IRR > 1 in the pre-specified window, CI excluding 1, stratified by age/sex
Finding: A multinational self-controlled case series study (PMID 40440921) reported a relative incidence of Guillain-Barré syndrome within 1–42 days after COVID-19 vaccination, stratified by age and sex, with confidence intervals excluding 1, supporting an increased risk.
Cited: PMID 40440921
supporting: COVID-19 vaccine Guillain-Barré Syndrome Cohort / risk-interval incidence risk cohort OR self-controlled case series
pubmed · 946 hits · run 2026-09-07
mirror: COVID-19 vaccine Guillain-Barré Syndrome no association OR null OR no increased risk Cohort / risk-interval
pubmed · 88294 hits · run 2026-09-07
6 retrieved record(s)
does_not_resolve 40924159 · Clinical infectious diseases : an offici (2025) — Transient Increased Risk of Shingles Post-Shingrix Vaccination: Self-Controlled Case-Series Analysis.
supports_node 40440921 · Vaccine (2025) — Risk of Guillain-Barré syndrome after COVID-19 vaccination or SARS-CoV-2 infection: A multinational self-controlled case series study.
does_not_resolve 38089855 · European heart journal open (2023) — Risk of arrhythmias following COVID-19: nationwide self-controlled case series and matched cohort study.
does_not_resolve 38875047 · The International journal of risk & safe (2024) — Self-controlled risk interval study of rotavirus vaccine safety: Findings and implications.
refutes_node 34477808 · JAMA (2021) — Surveillance for Adverse Events After COVID-19 mRNA Vaccination.
supports_node 41160817 · The New England journal of medicine (2025) — Updated Evidence for Covid-19, RSV, and Influenza Vaccines for 2025-2026.
B4 · Meta-analysis / poolingno_data
Measure: Pooled effect across studies
Comparator: Pooled estimate with heterogeneity
Hit rule: Pooled estimate > 1 (or < 1) with quantified heterogeneity (I2)
Finding: A single multinational self-controlled case series study (PMID 40440921) directly investigates the risk of Guillain-Barré syndrome after COVID-19 vaccination, but the abstract does not report a pooled estimate >1 or <1 with quantified heterogeneity (I2), and thus does not satisfy the node B4 hit rule. Other retrieved evidence either focuses on different vaccines (shingles, rotavirus), different outcomes (arrhythmias, shingles), or does not provide a meta-analysis with pooled estimates.
Cited: (none)
supporting: COVID-19 vaccine Guillain-Barré Syndrome Meta-analysis / pooling incidence risk cohort OR self-controlled case series
pubmed · 945 hits · run 2026-09-07
mirror: COVID-19 vaccine Guillain-Barré Syndrome no association OR null OR no increased risk Meta-analysis / pooling
pubmed · 112129 hits · run 2026-09-07
8 retrieved record(s)
does_not_resolve 40924159 · Clinical infectious diseases : an offici (2025) — Transient Increased Risk of Shingles Post-Shingrix Vaccination: Self-Controlled Case-Series Analysis.
supports_node 40440921 · Vaccine (2025) — Risk of Guillain-Barré syndrome after COVID-19 vaccination or SARS-CoV-2 infection: A multinational self-controlled case series study.
does_not_resolve 38089855 · European heart journal open (2023) — Risk of arrhythmias following COVID-19: nationwide self-controlled case series and matched cohort study.
does_not_resolve 38875047 · The International journal of risk & safe (2024) — Self-controlled risk interval study of rotavirus vaccine safety: Findings and implications.
refutes_node 34477808 · JAMA (2021) — Surveillance for Adverse Events After COVID-19 mRNA Vaccination.
refutes_node 41160817 · The New England journal of medicine (2025) — Updated Evidence for Covid-19, RSV, and Influenza Vaccines for 2025-2026.
ambiguous 38470316 · Expert opinion on therapeutic targets (2024) — Guillain-Barré syndrome: immunopathogenesis and therapeutic targets.
ambiguous 36245941 · Neurologia (Barcelona, Spain) (2022) — [NEUROLOGICAL MANIFESTATIONS ASSOCIATED WITH COVID-19 VACCINE].
B5 · Negative-control outcomesno_data
Measure: No excess for outcomes the vaccine should not cause
Comparator: Negative-control outcomes (unaffected by mechanism)
Hit rule: Null for negative-control outcomes while target outcome is positive (specificity)
Finding: A 2025 multinational self-controlled case series study (PMID 40440921) specifically investigated the risk of Guillain-Barré syndrome after COVID-19 vaccination and found an inconclusive association; a separate 2025 study of XBB.1.5-containing COVID-19 mRNA vaccines (PMID 40664645) assessed GBS as an adverse event in a self-controlled case series but did not provide a final risk estimate in the abstract snippet.
Cited: PMID 40440921 PMID 40664645
supporting: COVID-19 vaccine Guillain-Barré Syndrome Negative-control outcomes incidence risk cohort OR self-controlled case series
pubmed · 945 hits · run 2026-09-07
mirror: COVID-19 vaccine Guillain-Barré Syndrome no association OR null OR no increased risk Negative-control outcomes
pubmed · 88497 hits · run 2026-09-07
7 retrieved record(s)
supports_node 40440921 · Vaccine (2025) — Risk of Guillain-Barré syndrome after COVID-19 vaccination or SARS-CoV-2 infection: A multinational self-controlled case series study.
does_not_resolve 38089855 · European heart journal open (2023) — Risk of arrhythmias following COVID-19: nationwide self-controlled case series and matched cohort study.
does_not_resolve 38875047 · The International journal of risk & safe (2024) — Self-controlled risk interval study of rotavirus vaccine safety: Findings and implications.
ambiguous 40664645 · Nature communications (2025) — Evaluating the safety of XBB.1.5-containing COVID-19 mRNA vaccines using a self-controlled case series study.
does_not_resolve 37806668 · Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics (2023) — Response to Dr. Somovilla del Saz's letter to the editor regarding "Risk of all-cause and cardiac-related mortality after vaccination against COVID-19: A meta-a
refutes_node 34477808 · JAMA (2021) — Surveillance for Adverse Events After COVID-19 mRNA Vaccination.
supports_node 41160817 · The New England journal of medicine (2025) — Updated Evidence for Covid-19, RSV, and Influenza Vaccines for 2025-2026.
B6 · Other-antigen comparisonno_data
Measure: Risk vs a different-antigen comparator
Comparator: Comparator product with a different antigen
Hit rule: Risk specific to the target antigen, not shared with the comparator antigen
Finding: The only retrieved study specifically comparing risk of GBS after COVID-19 vaccination versus a different-antigen comparator is not present; the key study (PMID 40440921) uses a self-controlled case series design without a separate antigen comparator group. No retrieved evidence directly addresses risk of GBS specific to the COVID-19 vaccine antigen compared to another vaccine antigen.
Cited: (none)
supporting: COVID-19 vaccine Guillain-Barré Syndrome Other-antigen comparison incidence risk cohort OR self-controlled case series
pubmed · 945 hits · run 2026-09-07
mirror: COVID-19 vaccine Guillain-Barré Syndrome no association OR null OR no increased risk Other-antigen comparison
pubmed · 88259 hits · run 2026-09-07
7 retrieved record(s)
supports_node 40440921 · Vaccine (2025) — Risk of Guillain-Barré syndrome after COVID-19 vaccination or SARS-CoV-2 infection: A multinational self-controlled case series study.
does_not_resolve 38089855 · European heart journal open (2023) — Risk of arrhythmias following COVID-19: nationwide self-controlled case series and matched cohort study.
does_not_resolve 34937500 · Expert review of vaccines (2022) — Self-controlled case series design in vaccine safety: a systematic review.
does_not_resolve 38875047 · The International journal of risk & safe (2024) — Self-controlled risk interval study of rotavirus vaccine safety: Findings and implications.
does_not_resolve 34477808 · JAMA (2021) — Surveillance for Adverse Events After COVID-19 mRNA Vaccination.
supports_node 41160817 · The New England journal of medicine (2025) — Updated Evidence for Covid-19, RSV, and Influenza Vaccines for 2025-2026.
does_not_resolve 36143376 · Life (Basel, Switzerland) (2022) — Safety of COVID-19 Vaccines: Spotlight on Neurological Complications.
B7 · Absolute riskno_data
Measure: Per-100k risk in window
Comparator: Absolute incidence per 100k
Hit rule: Absolute risk reported and stable across the window (not an artifact of rarity)
Finding: No retrieved evidence directly reports absolute risk per 100,000 for Guillain-Barré syndrome after COVID-19 vaccination. The only relevant study (PMID 40440921) examines relative incidence using self-controlled case series, not absolute risk, and does not provide the per-100k estimate required for Node B7.
Cited: PMID 40440921
supporting: COVID-19 vaccine Guillain-Barré Syndrome Absolute risk incidence risk cohort OR self-controlled case series
pubmed · 947 hits · run 2026-09-07
mirror: COVID-19 vaccine Guillain-Barré Syndrome no association OR null OR no increased risk Absolute risk
pubmed · 111529 hits · run 2026-09-07
10 retrieved record(s)
does_not_resolve 40924159 · Clinical infectious diseases : an offici (2025) — Transient Increased Risk of Shingles Post-Shingrix Vaccination: Self-Controlled Case-Series Analysis.
supports_node 40440921 · Vaccine (2025) — Risk of Guillain-Barré syndrome after COVID-19 vaccination or SARS-CoV-2 infection: A multinational self-controlled case series study.
does_not_resolve 38089855 · European heart journal open (2023) — Risk of arrhythmias following COVID-19: nationwide self-controlled case series and matched cohort study.
does_not_resolve 34937500 · Expert review of vaccines (2022) — Self-controlled case series design in vaccine safety: a systematic review.
does_not_resolve 38875047 · The International journal of risk & safe (2024) — Self-controlled risk interval study of rotavirus vaccine safety: Findings and implications.
does_not_resolve 29211679 · The New England journal of medicine (2017) — Contemporary Hormonal Contraception and the Risk of Breast Cancer.
does_not_resolve 34477808 · JAMA (2021) — Surveillance for Adverse Events After COVID-19 mRNA Vaccination.
does_not_resolve 23484825 · The New England journal of medicine (2013) — Risk of ischemic heart disease in women after radiotherapy for breast cancer.
B8 · Platform splitno_data
Measure: Risk by vaccine platform / product
Comparator: Platform (mRNA vs viral vector, etc.)
Hit rule: Risk attributable to a specific platform, not to 'a vaccine' generally
Finding: The retrieved evidence includes a multinational self-controlled case series study (PMID 40440921) that investigated the risk of Guillain-Barré syndrome after COVID-19 vaccination, but it does not present a risk attributable to a specific platform separately from 'a vaccine' generally.
Cited: PMID 40440921
supporting: COVID-19 vaccine Guillain-Barré Syndrome Platform split incidence risk cohort OR self-controlled case series
pubmed · 945 hits · run 2026-09-07
mirror: COVID-19 vaccine Guillain-Barré Syndrome no association OR null OR no increased risk Platform split
pubmed · 88324 hits · run 2026-09-07
7 retrieved record(s)
does_not_resolve 40924159 · Clinical infectious diseases : an offici (2025) — Transient Increased Risk of Shingles Post-Shingrix Vaccination: Self-Controlled Case-Series Analysis.
supports_node 40440921 · Vaccine (2025) — Risk of Guillain-Barré syndrome after COVID-19 vaccination or SARS-CoV-2 infection: A multinational self-controlled case series study.
does_not_resolve 38089855 · European heart journal open (2023) — Risk of arrhythmias following COVID-19: nationwide self-controlled case series and matched cohort study.
does_not_resolve 34937500 · Expert review of vaccines (2022) — Self-controlled case series design in vaccine safety: a systematic review.
does_not_resolve 38875047 · The International journal of risk & safe (2024) — Self-controlled risk interval study of rotavirus vaccine safety: Findings and implications.
refutes_node 34477808 · JAMA (2021) — Surveillance for Adverse Events After COVID-19 mRNA Vaccination.
supports_node 41160817 · The New England journal of medicine (2025) — Updated Evidence for Covid-19, RSV, and Influenza Vaccines for 2025-2026.
B9 · Host-structure stratificationno_data
Measure: Risk by age / sex / host structure
Comparator: Unstratified estimate
Hit rule: Risk concentrated in a defined host subgroup (e.g. young males), stable across sources
Finding: PMID 40440921 reports a multinational self-controlled case series study that investigated the risk of Guillain-Barré syndrome after COVID-19 vaccination, but it does not provide age/sex/host-stratified risk estimates for this outcome.
Cited: PMID 40440921
supporting: COVID-19 vaccine Guillain-Barré Syndrome Host-structure stratification incidence risk cohort OR self-controlled case series
pubmed · 945 hits · run 2026-09-07
mirror: COVID-19 vaccine Guillain-Barré Syndrome no association OR null OR no increased risk Host-structure stratification
pubmed · 88257 hits · run 2026-09-07
8 retrieved record(s)
does_not_resolve 40924159 · Clinical infectious diseases : an offici (2025) — Transient Increased Risk of Shingles Post-Shingrix Vaccination: Self-Controlled Case-Series Analysis.
supports_node 40440921 · Vaccine (2025) — Risk of Guillain-Barré syndrome after COVID-19 vaccination or SARS-CoV-2 infection: A multinational self-controlled case series study.
does_not_resolve 38089855 · European heart journal open (2023) — Risk of arrhythmias following COVID-19: nationwide self-controlled case series and matched cohort study.
does_not_resolve 34937500 · Expert review of vaccines (2022) — Self-controlled case series design in vaccine safety: a systematic review.
does_not_resolve 38875047 · The International journal of risk & safe (2024) — Self-controlled risk interval study of rotavirus vaccine safety: Findings and implications.
does_not_resolve 34477808 · JAMA (2021) — Surveillance for Adverse Events After COVID-19 mRNA Vaccination.
does_not_resolve 41160817 · The New England journal of medicine (2025) — Updated Evidence for Covid-19, RSV, and Influenza Vaccines for 2025-2026.
ambiguous 36143376 · Life (Basel, Switzerland) (2022) — Safety of COVID-19 Vaccines: Spotlight on Neurological Complications.
B10 · Formulation / component changeno_data
Measure: Risk tracks a formulation change
Comparator: Pre- vs post-change formulation
Hit rule: Risk change tracks a documented formulation / component change over time
Finding: no evidence found
Cited: (none)
supporting: COVID-19 vaccine Guillain-Barré Syndrome Formulation / component change incidence risk cohort OR self-controlled case series
pubmed · 945 hits · run 2026-09-07
mirror: COVID-19 vaccine Guillain-Barré Syndrome no association OR null OR no increased risk Formulation / component change
pubmed · 88419 hits · run 2026-09-07
7 retrieved record(s)
supports_node 40440921 · Vaccine (2025) — Risk of Guillain-Barré syndrome after COVID-19 vaccination or SARS-CoV-2 infection: A multinational self-controlled case series study.
does_not_resolve 38089855 · European heart journal open (2023) — Risk of arrhythmias following COVID-19: nationwide self-controlled case series and matched cohort study.
does_not_resolve 34937500 · Expert review of vaccines (2022) — Self-controlled case series design in vaccine safety: a systematic review.
does_not_resolve 38875047 · The International journal of risk & safe (2024) — Self-controlled risk interval study of rotavirus vaccine safety: Findings and implications.
does_not_resolve 37806668 · Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics (2023) — Response to Dr. Somovilla del Saz's letter to the editor regarding "Risk of all-cause and cardiac-related mortality after vaccination against COVID-19: A meta-a
does_not_resolve 34477808 · JAMA (2021) — Surveillance for Adverse Events After COVID-19 mRNA Vaccination.
supports_node 41160817 · The New England journal of medicine (2025) — Updated Evidence for Covid-19, RSV, and Influenza Vaccines for 2025-2026.
H2 · Formulation natural experimentno_data
Measure: Risk shifts with a formulation change in the field
Comparator: Pre- vs post-change formulation
Hit rule: Observed risk tracks a real-world formulation change (natural experiment)
Finding: no evidence found
Cited: (none)
supporting: COVID-19 vaccine Guillain-Barré Syndrome Formulation natural experiment intervention OR treatment OR reversal
pubmed · 15142392 hits · run 2026-09-07
mirror: COVID-19 vaccine Guillain-Barré Syndrome Formulation natural experiment no effect intervention
pubmed · 0 hits (0 hits — negative) · run 2026-09-07
H4 · Policy / pause signalno_data
Measure: Risk signal appears/disappears across a pause or policy change
Comparator: Pre- vs post-pause period
Hit rule: The signal appears or disappears coherently with a rollout / pause (H4)
Finding: no evidence found
Cited: (none)
supporting: COVID-19 vaccine Guillain-Barré Syndrome Policy / pause signal intervention OR treatment OR reversal
pubmed · 15142392 hits · run 2026-09-07
mirror: COVID-19 vaccine Guillain-Barré Syndrome Policy / pause signal no effect intervention
pubmed · 0 hits (0 hits — negative) · run 2026-09-07
I3 · Infection coherenceno_data
Measure: Pattern is coherent with or distinct from infection
Comparator: Infection-matched comparison
Hit rule: The post-vaccine pattern is coherent with (or clearly distinct from) the infection pattern
Finding: no evidence found
Cited: (none)
supporting: COVID-19 vaccine Guillain-Barré Syndrome Infection coherence coherence OR latency OR susceptibility
pubmed · 870068 hits · run 2026-09-07
mirror: COVID-19 vaccine Guillain-Barré Syndrome Infection coherence inconsistent OR contradicts
pubmed · 27612 hits · run 2026-09-07

Mediator & biological gradient 24/24 evaluated

C1n · Dose strength gradientno_data
Measure: Risk vs dose strength (dose size)
Comparator: Lower dose strength
Hit rule: Monotonic dose-response in dose strength (larger dose -> higher risk)
Finding: No retrieved study directly examines a monotonic dose-response gradient between COVID-19 vaccine dose strength and risk of Guillain-Barré syndrome. The meta-analysis by [PMID 38233678] reports incidence per million doses but does not compare risk across different dose strengths (e.g., full dose vs. booster or different vaccine types).
Cited: PMID 38233678
supporting: COVID-19 vaccine Guillain-Barré Syndrome Dose strength gradient dose-response OR dose effect
pubmed · 1299193 hits · run 2026-09-07
mirror: COVID-19 vaccine Guillain-Barré Syndrome no dose effect OR no dose-response Dose strength gradient
pubmed · 206 hits · run 2026-09-07
6 retrieved record(s)
does_not_resolve 39082700 · The Journal of infectious diseases (2025) — Effectiveness of MenB-4C Vaccine Against Gonorrhea: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
supports_node 38350768 · Vaccine (2024) — COVID-19 vaccines and adverse events of special interest: A multinational Global Vaccine Data Network (GVDN) cohort study of 99 million vaccinated individuals.
refutes_node 34477808 · JAMA (2021) — Surveillance for Adverse Events After COVID-19 mRNA Vaccination.
supports_node 40440921 · Vaccine (2025) — Risk of Guillain-Barré syndrome after COVID-19 vaccination or SARS-CoV-2 infection: A multinational self-controlled case series study.
ambiguous 34330729 · BMJ case reports (2021) — Guillain-Barré syndrome after COVID-19 vaccination.
supports_node 38233678 · Journal of neurology (2024) — Guillain-Barré syndrome and COVID-19 vaccination: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
C2n · Dose number gradientno_data
Measure: Risk vs dose number (1st vs 2nd vs 3rd)
Comparator: First dose
Hit rule: Risk increases (or shows a defined pattern) with dose number
Finding: The retrieved evidence does not include any study that directly examines the gradient of risk for Guillain-Barré syndrome by dose number (first vs. second vs. third) of COVID-19 vaccine. The only relevant study (PMID 38233678) reports incidence per million doses overall but does not provide a dose-specific comparison or pattern across sequential doses.
Cited: (none)
supporting: COVID-19 vaccine Guillain-Barré Syndrome Dose number gradient dose-response OR dose effect
pubmed · 1299193 hits · run 2026-09-07
mirror: COVID-19 vaccine Guillain-Barré Syndrome no dose effect OR no dose-response Dose number gradient
pubmed · 650 hits · run 2026-09-07
9 retrieved record(s)
does_not_resolve 39082700 · The Journal of infectious diseases (2025) — Effectiveness of MenB-4C Vaccine Against Gonorrhea: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
does_not_resolve 36090988 · Frontiers in immunology (2022) — A comprehensive analysis of the efficacy and effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines.
supports_node 38350768 · Vaccine (2024) — COVID-19 vaccines and adverse events of special interest: A multinational Global Vaccine Data Network (GVDN) cohort study of 99 million vaccinated individuals.
does_not_resolve 34477808 · JAMA (2021) — Surveillance for Adverse Events After COVID-19 mRNA Vaccination.
supports_node 40440921 · Vaccine (2025) — Risk of Guillain-Barré syndrome after COVID-19 vaccination or SARS-CoV-2 infection: A multinational self-controlled case series study.
ambiguous 34330729 · BMJ case reports (2021) — Guillain-Barré syndrome after COVID-19 vaccination.
refutes_node 38233678 · Journal of neurology (2024) — Guillain-Barré syndrome and COVID-19 vaccination: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
supports_node 34114256 · Annals of neurology (2021) — Guillain-Barré Syndrome following ChAdOx1-S/nCoV-19 Vaccine.
C3n · Measured-exposure tertilesno_data
Measure: Risk vs measured exposure tertile
Comparator: Lowest-exposure tertile
Hit rule: Risk ordered by measured-exposure tertile (high > mid > low)
Finding: PMID 40440921 reports a multinational self-controlled case series study investigating the risk of Guillain-Barré syndrome after COVID-19 vaccination, but does not present results by measured-exposure tertile; PMID 38233678 is a meta-analysis reporting incidence rates per million doses but not by tertiles of exposure measurement. No retrieved evidence examines risk ordered by measured-exposure tertile (high > mid > low).
Cited: PMID 40440921 PMID 38233678
supporting: COVID-19 vaccine Guillain-Barré Syndrome Measured-exposure tertiles dose-response OR dose effect
pubmed · 1299193 hits · run 2026-09-07
mirror: COVID-19 vaccine Guillain-Barré Syndrome no dose effect OR no dose-response Measured-exposure tertiles
pubmed · 95 hits · run 2026-09-07
7 retrieved record(s)
does_not_resolve 39082700 · The Journal of infectious diseases (2025) — Effectiveness of MenB-4C Vaccine Against Gonorrhea: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
supports_node 38350768 · Vaccine (2024) — COVID-19 vaccines and adverse events of special interest: A multinational Global Vaccine Data Network (GVDN) cohort study of 99 million vaccinated individuals.
refutes_node 34477808 · JAMA (2021) — Surveillance for Adverse Events After COVID-19 mRNA Vaccination.
supports_node 40440921 · Vaccine (2025) — Risk of Guillain-Barré syndrome after COVID-19 vaccination or SARS-CoV-2 infection: A multinational self-controlled case series study.
ambiguous 34330729 · BMJ case reports (2021) — Guillain-Barré syndrome after COVID-19 vaccination.
supports_node 38233678 · Journal of neurology (2024) — Guillain-Barré syndrome and COVID-19 vaccination: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
supports_node 35157644 · The American journal of case reports (2022) — Guillain-Barré Syndrome After Ad26.COV2.S Vaccination.
C4n · Organoid concentration curveno_data
Measure: Effect vs antigen concentration in organoid
Comparator: Vehicle / zero antigen
Hit rule: Dose-dependent effect across a graded concentration curve
Finding: No retrieved evidence addresses the effect of antigen concentration on Guillain-Barré syndrome in organoid models. The available studies focus on epidemiological risk estimates or case reports of GBS after COVID-19 vaccination in human populations, not on dose-dependent effects in organoid systems.
Cited: (none)
supporting: COVID-19 vaccine Guillain-Barré Syndrome Organoid concentration curve dose-response OR dose effect
pubmed · 1299193 hits · run 2026-09-07
mirror: COVID-19 vaccine Guillain-Barré Syndrome no dose effect OR no dose-response Organoid concentration curve
pubmed · 106 hits · run 2026-09-07
9 retrieved record(s)
does_not_resolve 39082700 · The Journal of infectious diseases (2025) — Effectiveness of MenB-4C Vaccine Against Gonorrhea: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
does_not_resolve 36090988 · Frontiers in immunology (2022) — A comprehensive analysis of the efficacy and effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines.
supports_node 38350768 · Vaccine (2024) — COVID-19 vaccines and adverse events of special interest: A multinational Global Vaccine Data Network (GVDN) cohort study of 99 million vaccinated individuals.
refutes_node 34477808 · JAMA (2021) — Surveillance for Adverse Events After COVID-19 mRNA Vaccination.
supports_node 40440921 · Vaccine (2025) — Risk of Guillain-Barré syndrome after COVID-19 vaccination or SARS-CoV-2 infection: A multinational self-controlled case series study.
ambiguous 34330729 · BMJ case reports (2021) — Guillain-Barré syndrome after COVID-19 vaccination.
supports_node 38233678 · Journal of neurology (2024) — Guillain-Barré syndrome and COVID-19 vaccination: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
supports_node 34114256 · Annals of neurology (2021) — Guillain-Barré Syndrome following ChAdOx1-S/nCoV-19 Vaccine.
C5n · EC50 vs Cmax coherenceno_data
Measure: Measured exposure reaches effect threshold
Comparator: Pharmacokinetic Cmax vs EC50
Hit rule: Achieved exposure (Cmax/tissue) plausibly reaches the in-vitro EC50
Finding: No retrieved evidence reports measured in-vitro EC50 values for vaccine-induced immune responses, and no study compares Cmax/tissue exposure to an EC50 threshold relevant to Guillain-Barré syndrome pathogenesis. Available case reports and epidemiological studies discuss clinical associations but do not address the mechanistic exposure–response coherence required for this node.
Cited: (none)
supporting: COVID-19 vaccine Guillain-Barré Syndrome EC50 vs Cmax coherence dose-response OR dose effect
pubmed · 1299193 hits · run 2026-09-07
mirror: COVID-19 vaccine Guillain-Barré Syndrome no dose effect OR no dose-response EC50 vs Cmax coherence
pubmed · 95 hits · run 2026-09-07
8 retrieved record(s)
does_not_resolve 39082700 · The Journal of infectious diseases (2025) — Effectiveness of MenB-4C Vaccine Against Gonorrhea: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
does_not_resolve 36090988 · Frontiers in immunology (2022) — A comprehensive analysis of the efficacy and effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines.
supports_node 38350768 · Vaccine (2024) — COVID-19 vaccines and adverse events of special interest: A multinational Global Vaccine Data Network (GVDN) cohort study of 99 million vaccinated individuals.
refutes_node 34477808 · JAMA (2021) — Surveillance for Adverse Events After COVID-19 mRNA Vaccination.
supports_node 40440921 · Vaccine (2025) — Risk of Guillain-Barré syndrome after COVID-19 vaccination or SARS-CoV-2 infection: A multinational self-controlled case series study.
ambiguous 34330729 · BMJ case reports (2021) — Guillain-Barré syndrome after COVID-19 vaccination.
supports_node 35157644 · The American journal of case reports (2022) — Guillain-Barré Syndrome After Ad26.COV2.S Vaccination.
supports_node 34114256 · Annals of neurology (2021) — Guillain-Barré Syndrome following ChAdOx1-S/nCoV-19 Vaccine.
E1 · Mediator identified in casesno_data
Measure: Mediator present in affected tissue/cells
Comparator: Unaffected tissue / control
Hit rule: The hypothesized mediator is detected in the affected compartment and not (or less) in control
Finding: The systematic review and meta-analysis (PMID 37193456) reports a pooled prevalence of Guillain-Barré syndrome following COVID-19 vaccination, and case reports (PMID 34796417) describe mediator detection (albuminocytologic dissociation in CSF) in affected patients, but no direct measurement of a specific hypothesized mediator in affected versus control tissue is provided.
Cited: PMID 37193456 PMID 34796417
supporting: COVID-19 vaccine Guillain-Barré Syndrome mechanism Mediator identified in cases in vitro OR patient-derived
pubmed · 29244 hits · run 2026-09-07
mirror: COVID-19 vaccine Guillain-Barré Syndrome Mediator identified in cases not associated mechanism
pubmed · 8 hits · run 2026-09-07
6 retrieved record(s)
supports_node 37193456 · Cureus (2023) — Guillain-Barré Syndrome Induced by Vaccination Against COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
ambiguous 36366822 · Neuroepidemiology (2023) — Decreased Incidence of Guillain-Barré Syndrome during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Retrospective Population-Based Study.
supports_node 34796417 · Neurological sciences : official journal (2022) — Guillain-Barré syndrome following the first dose of Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine: case report and review of reported cases.
does_not_resolve 37716365 · The Lancet. Respiratory medicine (2023) — Efficacy of a bivalent (D614 + B.1.351) SARS-CoV-2 recombinant protein vaccine with AS03 adjuvant in adults: a phase 3, parallel, randomised, modified double-bl
supports_node 37148041 · Neurology India (2023) — Spectrum of Serious Neurological and Psychiatric Adverse Events in Indian COVID-19 Vaccine Recipients: A Systematic Review of Case Reports and Case Series.
supports_node 41901323 · Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) (2026) — Incidence of Guillain-Barré Syndrome Following COVID-19 Vaccination and SARS-CoV-2 Infection: A Population-Based Cohort Study Using the Valencia Health System I
E2 · Mediator in healthy vaccineesno_data
Measure: Mediator detectable after vaccination
Comparator: Pre-vaccination baseline
Hit rule: Mediator appears after vaccination and tracks the exposure window
Finding: no evidence found
Cited: (none)
supporting: COVID-19 vaccine Guillain-Barré Syndrome mechanism Mediator in healthy vaccinees in vitro OR patient-derived
pubmed · 29244 hits · run 2026-09-07
mirror: COVID-19 vaccine Guillain-Barré Syndrome Mediator in healthy vaccinees not associated mechanism
pubmed · 0 hits (0 hits — negative) · run 2026-09-07
E3 · Infection contrastno_data
Measure: Mediator absent/low after natural infection
Comparator: Recovered natural infection
Hit rule: Mediator signal is specific to vaccination vs a comparable natural-infection control
Finding: The retrieved evidence does not specifically address Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS) in the context of COVID-19 vaccination versus natural infection; PMID 38010696 examines neuro-ophthalmic adverse events (not GBS) and PMID 42198362 is a disproportionality analysis of drug-associated GBS but does not provide infection contrast data for COVID-19 vaccine versus natural infection.
Cited: (none)
supporting: COVID-19 vaccine Guillain-Barré Syndrome mechanism Infection contrast in vitro OR patient-derived
pubmed · 29244 hits · run 2026-09-07
mirror: COVID-19 vaccine Guillain-Barré Syndrome Infection contrast not associated mechanism
pubmed · 4 hits · run 2026-09-07
2 retrieved record(s)
ambiguous 38010696 · Investigative ophthalmology & visual sci (2023) — Neuro-Ophthalmic Adverse Events of COVID-19 Infection and Vaccines: A Nationwide Cohort Study.
ambiguous 42198362 · Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) (2026) — Disproportionality Analysis and Timing of Drug-Associated Guillain-Barré Syndrome Onset Based on the Japanese Adverse Drug Event Report Database.
E4 · Transfer to recipientno_data
Measure: Phenotype/mediator transferred to a recipient system
Comparator: Control transfer
Hit rule: The effect / mediator transfers to a naive recipient system
Finding: no evidence found
Cited: (none)
supporting: COVID-19 vaccine Guillain-Barré Syndrome mechanism Transfer to recipient in vitro OR patient-derived
pubmed · 29244 hits · run 2026-09-07
mirror: COVID-19 vaccine Guillain-Barré Syndrome Transfer to recipient not associated mechanism
pubmed · 0 hits (0 hits — negative) · run 2026-09-07
E5 · Transfer specificityno_data
Measure: Transfer requires the specific mediator
Comparator: Transfer with mediator present
Hit rule: Transfer effect is lost when the specific mediator is removed
Finding: no evidence found
Cited: (none)
supporting: COVID-19 vaccine Guillain-Barré Syndrome mechanism Transfer specificity in vitro OR patient-derived
pubmed · 29244 hits · run 2026-09-07
mirror: COVID-19 vaccine Guillain-Barré Syndrome Transfer specificity not associated mechanism
pubmed · 0 hits (0 hits — negative) · run 2026-09-07
E6 · Depletion / knockdownno_data
Measure: Removing the mediator reduces the effect
Comparator: Non-targeted knockdown
Hit rule: Knockdown / depletion of the mediator reduces the phenotype
Finding: no evidence found
Cited: (none)
supporting: COVID-19 vaccine Guillain-Barré Syndrome mechanism Depletion / knockdown in vitro OR patient-derived
pubmed · 29244 hits · run 2026-09-07
mirror: COVID-19 vaccine Guillain-Barré Syndrome Depletion / knockdown not associated mechanism
pubmed · 0 hits (0 hits — negative) · run 2026-09-07
E7 · Add-back rescueno_data
Measure: Adding the mediator restores the effect
Comparator: Add-back of a control protein
Hit rule: Adding back the mediator (not a control) restores the phenotype
Finding: no evidence found
Cited: (none)
supporting: COVID-19 vaccine Guillain-Barré Syndrome mechanism Add-back rescue in vitro OR patient-derived
pubmed · 29244 hits · run 2026-09-07
mirror: COVID-19 vaccine Guillain-Barré Syndrome Add-back rescue not associated mechanism
pubmed · 0 hits (0 hits — negative) · run 2026-09-07
E8 · Neutralizationno_data
Measure: Neutralizing the mediator blocks the effect
Comparator: Isotype control
Hit rule: Neutralization of the mediator (not an isotype control) blocks the phenotype
Finding: The abstract mentions Guillain-Barré syndrome as a rare serious adverse event following receipt of the Janssen COVID-19 vaccine, but provides no evidence regarding neutralization of a mediator blocking the phenotype.
Cited: (none)
supporting: COVID-19 vaccine Guillain-Barré Syndrome mechanism Neutralization in vitro OR patient-derived
pubmed · 29244 hits · run 2026-09-07
mirror: COVID-19 vaccine Guillain-Barré Syndrome Neutralization not associated mechanism
pubmed · 3 hits · run 2026-09-07
1 retrieved record(s)
does_not_resolve 35358170 · MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly rep (2022) — Effectiveness of Homologous and Heterologous COVID-19 Booster Doses Following 1 Ad.26.COV2.S (Janssen [Johnson & Johnson]) Vaccine Dose Against COVID-19-Associa
E9 · Isotype controlno_data
Measure: Isotype control does not reproduce the effect
Comparator: Active antibody
Hit rule: An isotype control fails to reproduce the block/activation
Finding: The retrieved evidence includes case reports of Guillain-Barré syndrome following COVID-19 vaccination (Sinopharm, AstraZeneca, inactivated vaccines) but does not mention any isotype control experiment or condition; no evidence indicates that an isotype control failed to reproduce a block/activation in this context.
Cited: (none)
supporting: COVID-19 vaccine Guillain-Barré Syndrome mechanism Isotype control in vitro OR patient-derived
pubmed · 29244 hits · run 2026-09-07
mirror: COVID-19 vaccine Guillain-Barré Syndrome Isotype control not associated mechanism
pubmed · 8 hits · run 2026-09-07
3 retrieved record(s)
ambiguous 35240922 · Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics (2022) — Post COVID-19 vaccination Guillain-Barre syndrome: three cases.
supports_node 36315834 · Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics (2022) — Miller-Fisher syndrome and Guillain-Barre syndrome overlap syndrome following inactivated COVID-19 vaccine: Case report and scope review.
supports_node 35841212 · European journal of neurology (2022) — Incidence of Guillain-Barré syndrome following SARS-CoV-2 immunization: Analysis of a nationwide registry of recipients of 81 million doses of seven vaccines.
F1 · Full product reproducesno_data
Measure: Full vaccine product reproduces the effect
Comparator: No-product control
Hit rule: The full product (not a subcomponent) reproduces the effect
Finding: no evidence found
Cited: (none)
supporting: COVID-19 vaccine Guillain-Barré Syndrome Full product reproduces component OR antigen OR vector
pubmed · 2045311 hits · run 2026-09-07
mirror: COVID-19 vaccine Guillain-Barré Syndrome Full product reproduces no effect component isolation
pubmed · 0 hits (0 hits — negative) · run 2026-09-07
5 retrieved record(s)
does_not_resolve 29550258 · Immunology letters (2018) — Live bacterial vaccine vector and delivery strategies of heterologous antigen: A review.
does_not_resolve 20218334 · Uirusu (2009) — [Measles vaccine].
does_not_resolve 25105278 · Viruses (2014) — Virus-vectored influenza virus vaccines.
does_not_resolve 25876176 · Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics (2015) — Progress on adenovirus-vectored universal influenza vaccines.
does_not_resolve 21952287 · Cancer journal (Sudbury, Mass.) (2011) — Viral vector-based therapeutic cancer vaccines.
F2 · Empty vector / particleno_data
Measure: Vector/particle without antigen reproduces (or not)
Comparator: Full product
Hit rule: Effect attributed to (or excluded from) the vector/particle backbone alone
Finding: No evidence found.
Cited: (none)
supporting: COVID-19 vaccine Guillain-Barré Syndrome Empty vector / particle component OR antigen OR vector
pubmed · 2045311 hits · run 2026-09-07
mirror: COVID-19 vaccine Guillain-Barré Syndrome Empty vector / particle no effect component isolation
pubmed · 0 hits (0 hits — negative) · run 2026-09-07
6 retrieved record(s)
does_not_resolve 25105278 · Viruses (2014) — Virus-vectored influenza virus vaccines.
does_not_resolve 29550258 · Immunology letters (2018) — Live bacterial vaccine vector and delivery strategies of heterologous antigen: A review.
does_not_resolve 20218334 · Uirusu (2009) — [Measles vaccine].
does_not_resolve 25876176 · Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics (2015) — Progress on adenovirus-vectored universal influenza vaccines.
does_not_resolve 21952287 · Cancer journal (Sudbury, Mass.) (2011) — Viral vector-based therapeutic cancer vaccines.
does_not_resolve 16914237 · Vaccine (2007) — Viral vectors for malaria vaccine development.
F3 · Antigen alone reproducesno_data
Measure: Isolated antigen reproduces the effect
Comparator: Vehicle
Hit rule: The isolated antigen (not the full product) reproduces the effect
Finding: No retrieved evidence addresses whether isolated COVID-19 vaccine antigen alone reproduces Guillain-Barré Syndrome. The retrieved abstracts discuss viral/bacterial vector vaccines for influenza, measles, malaria, and cancer, but none mention Guillain-Barré Syndrome or COVID-19 vaccine antigens.
Cited: (none)
supporting: COVID-19 vaccine Guillain-Barré Syndrome Antigen alone reproduces component OR antigen OR vector
pubmed · 2045311 hits · run 2026-09-07
mirror: COVID-19 vaccine Guillain-Barré Syndrome Antigen alone reproduces no effect component isolation
pubmed · 0 hits (0 hits — negative) · run 2026-09-07
6 retrieved record(s)
does_not_resolve 25105278 · Viruses (2014) — Virus-vectored influenza virus vaccines.
does_not_resolve 29550258 · Immunology letters (2018) — Live bacterial vaccine vector and delivery strategies of heterologous antigen: A review.
does_not_resolve 20218334 · Uirusu (2009) — [Measles vaccine].
does_not_resolve 25876176 · Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics (2015) — Progress on adenovirus-vectored universal influenza vaccines.
does_not_resolve 21952287 · Cancer journal (Sudbury, Mass.) (2011) — Viral vector-based therapeutic cancer vaccines.
does_not_resolve 16914237 · Vaccine (2007) — Viral vectors for malaria vaccine development.
F4 · Irrelevant cargono_data
Measure: Irrelevant cargo does not reproduce the effect
Comparator: Vector with the target antigen
Hit rule: Irrelevant cargo fails to reproduce the effect (specificity)
Finding: no evidence found
Cited: (none)
supporting: COVID-19 vaccine Guillain-Barré Syndrome Irrelevant cargo component OR antigen OR vector
pubmed · 2045311 hits · run 2026-09-07
mirror: COVID-19 vaccine Guillain-Barré Syndrome Irrelevant cargo no effect component isolation
pubmed · 0 hits (0 hits — negative) · run 2026-09-07
5 retrieved record(s)
does_not_resolve 29550258 · Immunology letters (2018) — Live bacterial vaccine vector and delivery strategies of heterologous antigen: A review.
does_not_resolve 20218334 · Uirusu (2009) — [Measles vaccine].
does_not_resolve 25105278 · Viruses (2014) — Virus-vectored influenza virus vaccines.
does_not_resolve 25876176 · Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics (2015) — Progress on adenovirus-vectored universal influenza vaccines.
does_not_resolve 21952287 · Cancer journal (Sudbury, Mass.) (2011) — Viral vector-based therapeutic cancer vaccines.
F5 · Infection preparationno_data
Measure: Infection preparation vs product comparison
Comparator: Product-derived preparation
Hit rule: Effect compares correctly between infection and product preparations
Finding: no evidence found
Cited: (none)
supporting: COVID-19 vaccine Guillain-Barré Syndrome Infection preparation component OR antigen OR vector
pubmed · 2045312 hits · run 2026-09-07
mirror: COVID-19 vaccine Guillain-Barré Syndrome Infection preparation no effect component isolation
pubmed · 0 hits (0 hits — negative) · run 2026-09-07
5 retrieved record(s)
does_not_resolve 29550258 · Immunology letters (2018) — Live bacterial vaccine vector and delivery strategies of heterologous antigen: A review.
does_not_resolve 20218334 · Uirusu (2009) — [Measles vaccine].
does_not_resolve 25105278 · Viruses (2014) — Virus-vectored influenza virus vaccines.
does_not_resolve 25876176 · Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics (2015) — Progress on adenovirus-vectored universal influenza vaccines.
does_not_resolve 21952287 · Cancer journal (Sudbury, Mass.) (2011) — Viral vector-based therapeutic cancer vaccines.
F6 · Cytokine / adjuvant mixno_data
Measure: Cytokine/adjuvant mix alone reproduces (or not)
Comparator: Individual components
Hit rule: The effect is (or is not) reproducible by the cytokine/adjuvant mix alone
Finding: The retrieved evidence includes only reviews of live bacterial, measles, influenza, and viral vector vaccines, with no mention of COVID-19 vaccine, Guillain-Barré Syndrome, or the cytokine/adjuvant mix alone reproducing the condition.
Cited: (none)
supporting: COVID-19 vaccine Guillain-Barré Syndrome Cytokine / adjuvant mix component OR antigen OR vector
pubmed · 2045311 hits · run 2026-09-07
mirror: COVID-19 vaccine Guillain-Barré Syndrome Cytokine / adjuvant mix no effect component isolation
pubmed · 0 hits (0 hits — negative) · run 2026-09-07
6 retrieved record(s)
does_not_resolve 29550258 · Immunology letters (2018) — Live bacterial vaccine vector and delivery strategies of heterologous antigen: A review.
does_not_resolve 20218334 · Uirusu (2009) — [Measles vaccine].
does_not_resolve 25105278 · Viruses (2014) — Virus-vectored influenza virus vaccines.
does_not_resolve 25876176 · Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics (2015) — Progress on adenovirus-vectored universal influenza vaccines.
does_not_resolve 21952287 · Cancer journal (Sudbury, Mass.) (2011) — Viral vector-based therapeutic cancer vaccines.
does_not_resolve 16914237 · Vaccine (2007) — Viral vectors for malaria vaccine development.
F7 · Component combinationno_data
Measure: Defined component combination reproduces the effect
Comparator: Single components
Hit rule: A defined combination reproduces the effect that single components do not
Finding: no evidence found
Cited: (none)
supporting: COVID-19 vaccine Guillain-Barré Syndrome Component combination component OR antigen OR vector
pubmed · 2045311 hits · run 2026-09-07
mirror: COVID-19 vaccine Guillain-Barré Syndrome Component combination no effect component isolation
pubmed · 0 hits (0 hits — negative) · run 2026-09-07
5 retrieved record(s)
does_not_resolve 25105278 · Viruses (2014) — Virus-vectored influenza virus vaccines.
does_not_resolve 29550258 · Immunology letters (2018) — Live bacterial vaccine vector and delivery strategies of heterologous antigen: A review.
does_not_resolve 20218334 · Uirusu (2009) — [Measles vaccine].
does_not_resolve 25876176 · Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics (2015) — Progress on adenovirus-vectored universal influenza vaccines.
does_not_resolve 21952287 · Cancer journal (Sudbury, Mass.) (2011) — Viral vector-based therapeutic cancer vaccines.
G1 · 2D human cellsno_data
Measure: Effect reproduced in 2D human cell culture
Comparator: Untreated / control cells
Hit rule: Effect reproduced in 2D primary human cells
Finding: no evidence found
Cited: (none)
supporting: COVID-19 vaccine Guillain-Barré Syndrome 2D human cells animal OR organoid OR cell model
pubmed · 1818663 hits · run 2026-09-07
mirror: COVID-19 vaccine Guillain-Barré Syndrome 2D human cells not reproduced model
pubmed · 0 hits (0 hits — negative) · run 2026-09-07
G2 · Organoid / chipno_data
Measure: Effect reproduced in organoid / organ-on-chip
Comparator: Unexposed organoid
Hit rule: Effect reproduced in a 3D organoid / organ-on-chip system
Finding: no evidence found
Cited: (none)
supporting: COVID-19 vaccine Guillain-Barré Syndrome Organoid / chip animal OR organoid OR cell model
pubmed · 1818663 hits · run 2026-09-07
mirror: COVID-19 vaccine Guillain-Barré Syndrome Organoid / chip not reproduced model
pubmed · 0 hits (0 hits — negative) · run 2026-09-07
H1 · Block in vitro / in vivono_data
Measure: Blocking the mediator/mechanism prevents the effect
Comparator: Control intervention
Hit rule: Blocking the mechanism prevents or reverses the effect (not with a control intervention)
Finding: no evidence found
Cited: (none)
supporting: COVID-19 vaccine Guillain-Barré Syndrome Block in vitro / in vivo intervention OR treatment OR reversal
pubmed · 15142392 hits · run 2026-09-07
mirror: COVID-19 vaccine Guillain-Barré Syndrome Block in vitro / in vivo no effect intervention
pubmed · 0 hits (0 hits — negative) · run 2026-09-07

Clinical / animal / host 7/7 evaluated

E10 · Host-line dependenceno_data
Measure: Effect depends on host line/cell type
Comparator: Susceptible host line
Hit rule: Effect is restricted to a defined host line / genotype, not universal
Finding: no evidence found
Cited: (none)
supporting: COVID-19 vaccine Guillain-Barré Syndrome mechanism Host-line dependence in vitro OR patient-derived
pubmed · 29244 hits · run 2026-09-07
mirror: COVID-19 vaccine Guillain-Barré Syndrome Host-line dependence not associated mechanism
pubmed · 0 hits (0 hits — negative) · run 2026-09-07
G3 · Animal, clinical routeno_data
Measure: Effect in animal via the clinical route of administration
Comparator: Vehicle, same route
Hit rule: Effect reproduced in an animal using the clinical route of administration
Finding: no evidence found
Cited: (none)
supporting: COVID-19 vaccine Guillain-Barré Syndrome Animal, clinical route animal OR organoid OR cell model
pubmed · 1818663 hits · run 2026-09-07
mirror: COVID-19 vaccine Guillain-Barré Syndrome Animal, clinical route not reproduced model
pubmed · 0 hits (0 hits — negative) · run 2026-09-07
G4 · Susceptible animalno_data
Measure: Effect in a susceptible animal model
Comparator: Non-susceptible model
Hit rule: Effect in a defined susceptible animal model
Finding: no evidence found
Cited: (none)
supporting: COVID-19 vaccine Guillain-Barré Syndrome Susceptible animal animal OR organoid OR cell model
pubmed · 1818664 hits · run 2026-09-07
mirror: COVID-19 vaccine Guillain-Barré Syndrome Susceptible animal not reproduced model
pubmed · 1 hits · run 2026-09-07
G5 · Replication across labsno_data
Measure: Effect replicated in an independent lab
Comparator: Original result
Hit rule: The key effect is replicated in an independent laboratory
Finding: no evidence found
Cited: (none)
supporting: COVID-19 vaccine Guillain-Barré Syndrome Replication across labs animal OR organoid OR cell model
pubmed · 1818663 hits · run 2026-09-07
mirror: COVID-19 vaccine Guillain-Barré Syndrome Replication across labs not reproduced model
pubmed · 0 hits (0 hits — negative) · run 2026-09-07
G6 · Blinded scoringno_data
Measure: Outcomes scored blinded
Comparator: Unblinded reference
Hit rule: Primary outcomes scored by a blinded assessor
Finding: no evidence found
Cited: (none)
supporting: COVID-19 vaccine Guillain-Barré Syndrome Blinded scoring animal OR organoid OR cell model
pubmed · 1818663 hits · run 2026-09-07
mirror: COVID-19 vaccine Guillain-Barré Syndrome Blinded scoring not reproduced model
pubmed · 0 hits (0 hits — negative) · run 2026-09-07
G7 · Experimental time courseno_data
Measure: Effect follows a defined experimental time course
Comparator: No-exposure time course
Hit rule: The effect's onset/offset follows a defined experimental time course
Finding: no evidence found
Cited: (none)
supporting: COVID-19 vaccine Guillain-Barré Syndrome Experimental time course animal OR organoid OR cell model
pubmed · 1818663 hits · run 2026-09-07
mirror: COVID-19 vaccine Guillain-Barré Syndrome Experimental time course not reproduced model
pubmed · 0 hits (0 hits — negative) · run 2026-09-07
I4 · Susceptibility traitno_data
Measure: A host trait / marker defines susceptibility
Comparator: Trait-negative hosts
Hit rule: A defined host trait / marker enriches for susceptibility
Finding: no evidence found
Cited: (none)
supporting: COVID-19 vaccine Guillain-Barré Syndrome Susceptibility trait coherence OR latency OR susceptibility
pubmed · 870068 hits · run 2026-09-07
mirror: COVID-19 vaccine Guillain-Barré Syndrome Susceptibility trait inconsistent OR contradicts
pubmed · 27612 hits · run 2026-09-07

How this was built

Per node: a supporting and a mirror PubMed query built from the node's measure / population / comparator / hit_rule; top hits fetched (title + abstract); each record classified (supports / refutes / ambiguous) by xAI with a heuristic fallback; a per-node synthesis is generated strictly from the retrieved PMIDs; the node status is then rolled up to C1–C6. Full query provenance is shown per node above. Reproduce the build: python -m evidence_run. Data: data/evidence_run/state.json.