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MMR vaccine → Vaccine Strain Measles Infection (Disseminated)

Evidence dossier · candidate cand-mmr-vaccine-strain-measles-infection · VICP program · · DRAFT — not a determination
This is a draft research-tracking dossier, not a determination that MMR vaccine causes Vaccine Strain Measles Infection (Disseminated), and not an incidence or legal finding. All evidence is flagged needs_human_review and must be reviewed before any page is published or cited. Every value is grounded in retrieved citations (PMID + retrieval date); unsourced items read "no evidence found / not assessable". Symmetric search: every supporting query has a mirror/null query, and zeros are shown (negative dossiers report the absence of signal).

Claim matrix (C1–C6, computed)

ClaimLabelStatusMissing nodes
C1Coherent clinical object existsinsufficient_datamissing: A2
C2Consistent temporal windowsupported
C3Epidemiologic excess riskinsufficient_datamissing: B1 B2 B3
C4Consistency / replicationinsufficient_datamissing: B5 B6
C5Specificity (product / dose)insufficient_datamissing: C1n C2n
C6Biological mechanismsupported

Two evidentiary bars apply to the epi nodes/claims (C3, C4):
· VICP — preponderance of the evidence.
· CICP (off-Table) — compelling, reliable, valid medical and scientific evidence (higher bar).

Bradford Hill assessment (computed)

Each viewpoint is derived from the node statuses below (see the framework crosswalk in compensation-tables-schema.md §8). Hill's viewpoints are aids to judgement, not a scoring checklist that proves causation; temporality is the only strictly necessary criterion.

ViewpointWhat it asksStatus (from evidence)
Temporality (necessary)cause precedes effect in a plausible window (necessary)partial / mixed · via A3 A4
Strengthsize/precision of the associationnot established
Consistencyreproduced across settings/designsnot established
Specificitytied to a specific product/dose/outcomenot established
Biological gradientdose-responsenot established
Plausibilitya named biological mechanismnot established
Coherencefits known biology/natural historymet · via A10
Experimentintervention changes risknot established
Analogyprecedent for the patternnot established

NASEM weight-of-evidence synthesis (computed)

TrackWeightBasis
EpidemiologicINSUFFICIENTvia B1, B2, B3, B4, B5, B8
MechanisticWEAKvia A9, A10, C1n, C2n, C3n, C4n, C5n · missing: D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 E1 E2 E3 E4 E5 E6 E7 E8 E9 E10 F1 …
Synthesized conclusionInadequate to accept or reject

NASEM (formerly IOM), "Adverse Effects of Vaccines: Evidence and Causality" (2011, updated 2024). Independent grading of epidemiologic and mechanistic evidence, synthesized into one of four causal-conclusion categories. This is a computed approximation of that framework, not a NASEM determination. See compensation-tables-schema.md §8bis.

Case-definition standard: no established case definition (needs_human_review — not in spec §1's named-standard list) — governs the case-certainty scale on A1/A2/A6/A8 below. See compensation-tables-schema.md §8ter.

Evidence matrix (68 nodes by workstream)

68 of 68 nodes evaluated · 136 PubMed queries logged (supporting + mirror, incl. zeros). Statuses are computed from retrieved citations; not hand-set.

Definition & attribution 24/24 evaluated

A1 · Case reportssupports
Measure: New definite object in risk window T
Comparator: Pre-vaccination baseline
Hit rule: Definite object present, onset in window, competing causes considered
Finding: A 2021 report describes two cases of vaccine-associated rubella after MMR vaccination, in one case confirmed by sequencing of the vaccine strain, and notes prior reports of severe disseminated vaccine-associated rubella in immunodeficient and immunocompetent patients.
Cited: PMID 32530771
supporting: MMR vaccine Vaccine Strain Measles Infection (Disseminated) case report OR case series Case reports
pubmed · 66163 hits · run 2026-09-07
mirror: MMR vaccine Vaccine Strain Measles Infection (Disseminated) alternative diagnosis OR not vaccine-related
pubmed · 4052 hits · run 2026-09-07
11 retrieved record(s)
supports_node 32530771 · Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics (2021) — Vaccine-associated Rubella - a report of two cases and a review of the literature.
does_not_resolve 37775180 · Clinical medicine (London, England) (2023) — SARS-CoV-2 vaccines and myocarditis.
ambiguous 30000765 · (2006) — Human Papillomavirus Vaccines.
ambiguous 33647971 · QJM : monthly journal of the Association (2021) — COVID-19 vaccine-related myositis.
ambiguous 34854882 · Blood (2021) — VITT(al) insights into vaccine-related clots.
does_not_resolve 39446607 · Transfusion (2024) — Shared decision-making for patients with vaccine-related concerns of blood transfusion: A single institution experience.
ambiguous 36381561 · Public health in practice (Oxford, Engla (2022) — Monkeypox vaccine-related stigma.
does_not_resolve 33661194 · Clinical nuclear medicine (2021) — COVID-19 Vaccine-Related Local FDG Uptake.
A2 · Series with objective confirmationno_data
Measure: Definite object plus objective test
Comparator: Reference range / diagnostic criteria
Hit rule: Objective confirmation in >=1 case per the working definition
Finding: no evidence found
Cited: (none)
supporting: MMR vaccine Vaccine Strain Measles Infection (Disseminated) case report OR case series Series with objective confirmation
pubmed · 5644 hits · run 2026-09-07
mirror: MMR vaccine Vaccine Strain Measles Infection (Disseminated) alternative diagnosis OR not vaccine-related
pubmed · 4052 hits · run 2026-09-07
11 retrieved record(s)
does_not_resolve 37775180 · Clinical medicine (London, England) (2023) — SARS-CoV-2 vaccines and myocarditis.
does_not_resolve 30000765 · (2006) — Human Papillomavirus Vaccines.
ambiguous 33647971 · QJM : monthly journal of the Association (2021) — COVID-19 vaccine-related myositis.
ambiguous 34854882 · Blood (2021) — VITT(al) insights into vaccine-related clots.
does_not_resolve 36381561 · Public health in practice (Oxford, Engla (2022) — Monkeypox vaccine-related stigma.
does_not_resolve 35251812 · Cureus (2022) — COVID-19 Vaccine-Related Myocarditis: A Descriptive Study of 40 Case Reports.
ambiguous 7114977 · Archives of internal medicine (1982) — Vaccine-related poliomyelitis.
does_not_resolve 36441403 · Current cardiology reports (2022) — COVID-19 Vaccine-Related Myocardial and Pericardial Inflammation.
A3 · Onset histogrammixed
Measure: Distribution of onset times after dose
Comparator: Pre-specified risk window
Hit rule: Onset clusters inside the pre-specified window (not uniform/flat)
Finding: Two case reports describe disseminated vaccine-strain measles infection in immunocompromised patients after MMR vaccination, with onset times after dose reported but without explicit onset histogram clustering analysis; no population-level onset-distribution data are provided.
Cited: PMID PMID 38380931 2024 PMID PMID 32530771 2021
supporting: MMR vaccine Vaccine Strain Measles Infection (Disseminated) case report OR case series Onset histogram
pubmed · 5 hits · run 2026-09-07
mirror: MMR vaccine Vaccine Strain Measles Infection (Disseminated) alternative diagnosis OR not vaccine-related
pubmed · 4052 hits · run 2026-09-07
13 retrieved record(s)
supports_node 32530771 · Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics (2021) — Vaccine-associated Rubella - a report of two cases and a review of the literature.
supports_node 38380931 · The Pediatric infectious disease journal (2024) — Vaccine Associated Measles Complicated by Suspected Measles Inclusion Body Encephalitis in a Pediatric Leukemia Patient and Stem Cell Transplant Recipient: A Fo
does_not_resolve 41845916 · The Australasian journal of dermatology (2026) — Safety of Live and Live-Attenuated Vaccines in Patients Receiving Biologics and Small-Molecule Therapies for Dermatologic Diseases: A Systematic Review.
does_not_resolve 37775180 · Clinical medicine (London, England) (2023) — SARS-CoV-2 vaccines and myocarditis.
ambiguous 30000765 · (2006) — Human Papillomavirus Vaccines.
ambiguous 33647971 · QJM : monthly journal of the Association (2021) — COVID-19 vaccine-related myositis.
ambiguous 34854882 · Blood (2021) — VITT(al) insights into vaccine-related clots.
does_not_resolve 36381561 · Public health in practice (Oxford, Engla (2022) — Monkeypox vaccine-related stigma.
A4 · Temporal plausibilitysupports
Measure: Onset latency vs object pathophysiology
Comparator: Object's known natural latency
Hit rule: Onset latency consistent with the object's pathophysiology
Finding: Two case reports describe disseminated vaccine-strain measles infection after MMR vaccination in an immunocompromised child (PMID 38380931) and vaccine-associated rubella with systemic rash in immunocompetent adults (PMID 32530771); both reports document onset latencies consistent with the known pathophysiology of live attenuated viral replication and dissemination, supporting temporal plausibility.
Cited: PMID 38380931 PMID 32530771
supporting: MMR vaccine Vaccine Strain Measles Infection (Disseminated) case report OR case series Temporal plausibility
pubmed · 34 hits · run 2026-09-07
mirror: MMR vaccine Vaccine Strain Measles Infection (Disseminated) alternative diagnosis OR not vaccine-related
pubmed · 4052 hits · run 2026-09-07
14 retrieved record(s)
supports_node 32530771 · Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics (2021) — Vaccine-associated Rubella - a report of two cases and a review of the literature.
supports_node 38380931 · The Pediatric infectious disease journal (2024) — Vaccine Associated Measles Complicated by Suspected Measles Inclusion Body Encephalitis in a Pediatric Leukemia Patient and Stem Cell Transplant Recipient: A Fo
does_not_resolve 15638050 · Clinical and experimental rheumatology (2004) — A case-series of adverse events, positive re-challenge of symptoms, and events in identical twins following hepatitis B vaccination: analysis of the Vaccine Adv
ambiguous 33647971 · QJM : monthly journal of the Association (2021) — COVID-19 vaccine-related myositis.
does_not_resolve 37775180 · Clinical medicine (London, England) (2023) — SARS-CoV-2 vaccines and myocarditis.
does_not_resolve 36441403 · Current cardiology reports (2022) — COVID-19 Vaccine-Related Myocardial and Pericardial Inflammation.
ambiguous 30000765 · (2006) — Human Papillomavirus Vaccines.
ambiguous 34854882 · Blood (2021) — VITT(al) insights into vaccine-related clots.
A5 · Onset-interval documentationno_data
Measure: Onset interval documented in source
Comparator: Dose date
Hit rule: Onset interval is recorded (not imputed) in a primary source
Finding: PMID 38380931 describes a pediatric leukemia patient who developed acute vaccine-strain measles virus disease after MMR vaccination, with onset less than 2 weeks post-vaccination, but the abstract does not explicitly state that the onset interval was recorded (not imputed) in the primary source.
Cited: (none)
supporting: MMR vaccine Vaccine Strain Measles Infection (Disseminated) case report OR case series Onset-interval documentation
pubmed · 3 hits · run 2026-09-07
mirror: MMR vaccine Vaccine Strain Measles Infection (Disseminated) alternative diagnosis OR not vaccine-related
pubmed · 4052 hits · run 2026-09-07
13 retrieved record(s)
supports_node 38380931 · The Pediatric infectious disease journal (2024) — Vaccine Associated Measles Complicated by Suspected Measles Inclusion Body Encephalitis in a Pediatric Leukemia Patient and Stem Cell Transplant Recipient: A Fo
supports_node 32530771 · Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics (2021) — Vaccine-associated Rubella - a report of two cases and a review of the literature.
does_not_resolve 41845916 · The Australasian journal of dermatology (2026) — Safety of Live and Live-Attenuated Vaccines in Patients Receiving Biologics and Small-Molecule Therapies for Dermatologic Diseases: A Systematic Review.
does_not_resolve 37775180 · Clinical medicine (London, England) (2023) — SARS-CoV-2 vaccines and myocarditis.
ambiguous 30000765 · (2006) — Human Papillomavirus Vaccines.
ambiguous 33647971 · QJM : monthly journal of the Association (2021) — COVID-19 vaccine-related myositis.
ambiguous 34854882 · Blood (2021) — VITT(al) insights into vaccine-related clots.
does_not_resolve 39446607 · Transfusion (2024) — Shared decision-making for patients with vaccine-related concerns of blood transfusion: A single institution experience.
A6 · Differential diagnosis excludedno_data
Measure: Competing causes assessed and excluded
Comparator: Likely alternative diagnoses
Hit rule: Pre-specified competing causes ruled out per the working definition
Finding: no evidence found
Cited: (none)
supporting: MMR vaccine Vaccine Strain Measles Infection (Disseminated) case report OR case series Differential diagnosis excluded
pubmed · 430 hits · run 2026-09-07
mirror: MMR vaccine Vaccine Strain Measles Infection (Disseminated) alternative diagnosis OR not vaccine-related
pubmed · 4052 hits · run 2026-09-07
10 retrieved record(s)
does_not_resolve 37775180 · Clinical medicine (London, England) (2023) — SARS-CoV-2 vaccines and myocarditis.
does_not_resolve 30000765 · (2006) — Human Papillomavirus Vaccines.
ambiguous 33647971 · QJM : monthly journal of the Association (2021) — COVID-19 vaccine-related myositis.
does_not_resolve 34854882 · Blood (2021) — VITT(al) insights into vaccine-related clots.
does_not_resolve 39446607 · Transfusion (2024) — Shared decision-making for patients with vaccine-related concerns of blood transfusion: A single institution experience.
ambiguous 36381561 · Public health in practice (Oxford, Engla (2022) — Monkeypox vaccine-related stigma.
does_not_resolve 33661194 · Clinical nuclear medicine (2021) — COVID-19 Vaccine-Related Local FDG Uptake.
ambiguous 32809680 · (2026) — Rubella Vaccine.
A7 · Rechallenge / re-exposureno_data
Measure: Object recurs on a further dose
Comparator: First-dose response
Hit rule: Object recurs after a subsequent dose (re-exposure)
Finding: The retrieved evidence includes case reports of vaccine-strain measles infection but does not describe recurrence after a subsequent MMR dose; PMID 32530771 and PMID 38380931 report primary vaccine-associated rubella or measles in immunocompromised individuals, not rechallenge. No evidence addresses recurrence upon re-exposure.
Cited: (none)
supporting: MMR vaccine Vaccine Strain Measles Infection (Disseminated) case report OR case series Rechallenge / re-exposure
pubmed · 5 hits · run 2026-09-07
mirror: MMR vaccine Vaccine Strain Measles Infection (Disseminated) alternative diagnosis OR not vaccine-related
pubmed · 4052 hits · run 2026-09-07
14 retrieved record(s)
supports_node 32530771 · Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics (2021) — Vaccine-associated Rubella - a report of two cases and a review of the literature.
supports_node 38380931 · The Pediatric infectious disease journal (2024) — Vaccine Associated Measles Complicated by Suspected Measles Inclusion Body Encephalitis in a Pediatric Leukemia Patient and Stem Cell Transplant Recipient: A Fo
does_not_resolve 41845916 · The Australasian journal of dermatology (2026) — Safety of Live and Live-Attenuated Vaccines in Patients Receiving Biologics and Small-Molecule Therapies for Dermatologic Diseases: A Systematic Review.
does_not_resolve 37775180 · Clinical medicine (London, England) (2023) — SARS-CoV-2 vaccines and myocarditis.
ambiguous 30000765 · (2006) — Human Papillomavirus Vaccines.
ambiguous 33647971 · QJM : monthly journal of the Association (2021) — COVID-19 vaccine-related myositis.
ambiguous 34854882 · Blood (2021) — VITT(al) insights into vaccine-related clots.
ambiguous 36381561 · Public health in practice (Oxford, Engla (2022) — Monkeypox vaccine-related stigma.
A8 · Adjudicated by criteria (no established case definition)no_data
Measure: Object adjudicated by published criteria
Comparator: Published clinical / Brighton criteria
Hit rule: Cases adjudicated to 'definite' by a published criterion set
Finding: The retrieved evidence includes a case report of vaccine-strain measles virus disease with disseminated infection and central nervous system involvement in an immunocompromised pediatric patient after MMR vaccination, but no cases adjudicated as 'definite' by a published criterion set for vaccine strain measles infection were found.
Cited: (none)
supporting: MMR vaccine Vaccine Strain Measles Infection (Disseminated) case report OR case series Adjudicated by criteria
pubmed · 42 hits · run 2026-09-07
mirror: MMR vaccine Vaccine Strain Measles Infection (Disseminated) alternative diagnosis OR not vaccine-related
pubmed · 4052 hits · run 2026-09-07
13 retrieved record(s)
supports_node 32530771 · Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics (2021) — Vaccine-associated Rubella - a report of two cases and a review of the literature.
supports_node 38380931 · The Pediatric infectious disease journal (2024) — Vaccine Associated Measles Complicated by Suspected Measles Inclusion Body Encephalitis in a Pediatric Leukemia Patient and Stem Cell Transplant Recipient: A Fo
does_not_resolve 37775180 · Clinical medicine (London, England) (2023) — SARS-CoV-2 vaccines and myocarditis.
ambiguous 30000765 · (2006) — Human Papillomavirus Vaccines.
ambiguous 33647971 · QJM : monthly journal of the Association (2021) — COVID-19 vaccine-related myositis.
ambiguous 34854882 · Blood (2021) — VITT(al) insights into vaccine-related clots.
does_not_resolve 36381561 · Public health in practice (Oxford, Engla (2022) — Monkeypox vaccine-related stigma.
does_not_resolve 35251812 · Cureus (2022) — COVID-19 Vaccine-Related Myocarditis: A Descriptive Study of 40 Case Reports.
A9 · Natural-history consistencyno_data
Measure: Course matches the object's natural history
Comparator: Known natural history of the object
Hit rule: Clinical course (onset, peak, recovery) matches the object's natural history
Finding: The retrieved evidence includes a report of two adult patients with typical rubella rash after MMR vaccination, one confirmed as vaccine-strain rubella via sequencing, but no evidence of disseminated measles infection or cases matching the natural history of disseminated measles.
Cited: (none)
supporting: MMR vaccine Vaccine Strain Measles Infection (Disseminated) case report OR case series Natural-history consistency
pubmed · 106 hits · run 2026-09-07
mirror: MMR vaccine Vaccine Strain Measles Infection (Disseminated) alternative diagnosis OR not vaccine-related
pubmed · 4052 hits · run 2026-09-07
12 retrieved record(s)
supports_node 32530771 · Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics (2021) — Vaccine-associated Rubella - a report of two cases and a review of the literature.
does_not_resolve 37775180 · Clinical medicine (London, England) (2023) — SARS-CoV-2 vaccines and myocarditis.
ambiguous 30000765 · (2006) — Human Papillomavirus Vaccines.
ambiguous 33647971 · QJM : monthly journal of the Association (2021) — COVID-19 vaccine-related myositis.
ambiguous 34854882 · Blood (2021) — VITT(al) insights into vaccine-related clots.
ambiguous 36381561 · Public health in practice (Oxford, Engla (2022) — Monkeypox vaccine-related stigma.
does_not_resolve 37267449 · The Gerontologist (2024) — Using Twitter to Understand COVID-19 Vaccine-Related Ageism During the Pandemic.
does_not_resolve 35251812 · Cureus (2022) — COVID-19 Vaccine-Related Myocarditis: A Descriptive Study of 40 Case Reports.
A10 · No confounding objectsupports
Measure: Not attributable to a co-occurring condition
Comparator: Co-occurring illness that could produce the object
Hit rule: Object not better explained by a co-occurring condition (infection, etc.)
Finding: A single case report (PMID 38380931) describes disseminated vaccine-strain measles infection with central nervous system involvement in an immunocompromised child after MMR vaccination, but no controlled or population-level evidence was retrieved to assess attribution after accounting for co-occurring conditions.
Cited: PMID 38380931
supporting: MMR vaccine Vaccine Strain Measles Infection (Disseminated) case report OR case series No confounding object
pubmed · 22 hits · run 2026-09-07
mirror: MMR vaccine Vaccine Strain Measles Infection (Disseminated) alternative diagnosis OR not vaccine-related
pubmed · 4052 hits · run 2026-09-07
15 retrieved record(s)
supports_node 32530771 · Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics (2021) — Vaccine-associated Rubella - a report of two cases and a review of the literature.
supports_node 38380931 · The Pediatric infectious disease journal (2024) — Vaccine Associated Measles Complicated by Suspected Measles Inclusion Body Encephalitis in a Pediatric Leukemia Patient and Stem Cell Transplant Recipient: A Fo
does_not_resolve 34312836 · Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics (2022) — Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors Used Concomitantly with Insulin Secretagogues and the Risk of Serious Hypoglycemia.
ambiguous 41845916 · The Australasian journal of dermatology (2026) — Safety of Live and Live-Attenuated Vaccines in Patients Receiving Biologics and Small-Molecule Therapies for Dermatologic Diseases: A Systematic Review.
does_not_resolve 37775180 · Clinical medicine (London, England) (2023) — SARS-CoV-2 vaccines and myocarditis.
ambiguous 30000765 · (2006) — Human Papillomavirus Vaccines.
ambiguous 33647971 · QJM : monthly journal of the Association (2021) — COVID-19 vaccine-related myositis.
ambiguous 34854882 · Blood (2021) — VITT(al) insights into vaccine-related clots.
D1 · Predicted site of injuryno_data
Measure: Object at the site the mechanism predicts
Comparator: Predicted anatomic site from the mechanism
Hit rule: Object localizes to the anatomic site the mechanism predicts
Finding: no evidence found
Cited: (none)
supporting: MMR vaccine Vaccine Strain Measles Infection (Disseminated) anatomic localization Predicted site of injury mechanism
pubmed · 0 hits (0 hits — negative) · run 2026-09-07
mirror: MMR vaccine Vaccine Strain Measles Infection (Disseminated) Predicted site of injury not consistent with mechanism
pubmed · 0 hits (0 hits — negative) · run 2026-09-07
D2 · Spared structuresno_data
Measure: Structures the mechanism should spare are spared
Comparator: Structures predicted unaffected
Hit rule: Structures predicted spared by the mechanism are indeed spared
Finding: no evidence found
Cited: (none)
supporting: MMR vaccine Vaccine Strain Measles Infection (Disseminated) anatomic localization Spared structures mechanism
pubmed · 0 hits (0 hits — negative) · run 2026-09-07
mirror: MMR vaccine Vaccine Strain Measles Infection (Disseminated) Spared structures not consistent with mechanism
pubmed · 0 hits (0 hits — negative) · run 2026-09-07
D3 · Local vs systemic distributionno_data
Measure: Distribution matches mechanism scope
Comparator: Local (injection site) vs systemic expectation
Hit rule: Observed distribution (local vs systemic) matches the mechanism's predicted scope
Finding: no evidence found
Cited: (none)
supporting: MMR vaccine Vaccine Strain Measles Infection (Disseminated) anatomic localization Local vs systemic distribution mechanism
pubmed · 0 hits (0 hits — negative) · run 2026-09-07
mirror: MMR vaccine Vaccine Strain Measles Infection (Disseminated) Local vs systemic distribution not consistent with mechanism
pubmed · 0 hits (0 hits — negative) · run 2026-09-07
D4 · Kinetics classno_data
Measure: Onset/offset kinetics match the mechanism
Comparator: Expected kinetic class (acute vs chronic)
Hit rule: Onset and offset kinetics are in the class the mechanism predicts
Finding: no evidence found
Cited: (none)
supporting: MMR vaccine Vaccine Strain Measles Infection (Disseminated) anatomic localization Kinetics class mechanism
pubmed · 0 hits (0 hits — negative) · run 2026-09-07
mirror: MMR vaccine Vaccine Strain Measles Infection (Disseminated) Kinetics class not consistent with mechanism
pubmed · 0 hits (0 hits — negative) · run 2026-09-07
D5 · Platform-mechanism matchno_data
Measure: Mechanism is consistent with the platform
Comparator: Mechanistic expectation for the platform
Hit rule: The proposed mechanism is biologically consistent with the vaccine platform
Finding: no evidence found
Cited: (none)
supporting: MMR vaccine Vaccine Strain Measles Infection (Disseminated) anatomic localization Platform-mechanism match mechanism
pubmed · 0 hits (0 hits — negative) · run 2026-09-07
mirror: MMR vaccine Vaccine Strain Measles Infection (Disseminated) Platform-mechanism match not consistent with mechanism
pubmed · 0 hits (0 hits — negative) · run 2026-09-07
H3 · Targeted treatment reversesno_data
Measure: A targeted treatment reverses the object in patients
Comparator: Treatment-naive / placebo
Hit rule: A mechanism-directed treatment reverses the object (vs control treatment)
Finding: no evidence found
Cited: (none)
supporting: MMR vaccine Vaccine Strain Measles Infection (Disseminated) Targeted treatment reverses intervention OR treatment OR reversal
pubmed · 15141378 hits · run 2026-09-07
mirror: MMR vaccine Vaccine Strain Measles Infection (Disseminated) Targeted treatment reverses no effect intervention
pubmed · 0 hits (0 hits — negative) · run 2026-09-07
I1 · No internal contradictionno_data
Measure: No node's finding contradicts another
Comparator: Internal consistency across nodes
Hit rule: No evaluated node directly contradicts another (coherence)
Finding: This study reports vaccine effectiveness and outbreak epidemiology, but contains no evidence of disseminated vaccine strain measles infection or any individual-level adverse event following MMR vaccination.
Cited: (none)
supporting: MMR vaccine Vaccine Strain Measles Infection (Disseminated) No internal contradiction coherence OR latency OR susceptibility
pubmed · 870020 hits · run 2026-09-07
mirror: MMR vaccine Vaccine Strain Measles Infection (Disseminated) No internal contradiction inconsistent OR contradicts
pubmed · 27612 hits · run 2026-09-07
1 retrieved record(s)
does_not_resolve 20637771 · Vaccine (2010) — Measles outbreak in Tanzania, 2006-2007.
I2 · Analogy to a known objectno_data
Measure: Object analogous to a well-established analog
Comparator: Established analog's profile
Hit rule: The object's profile matches a well-established analog on key features
Finding: no evidence found
Cited: (none)
supporting: MMR vaccine Vaccine Strain Measles Infection (Disseminated) Analogy to a known object coherence OR latency OR susceptibility
pubmed · 870020 hits · run 2026-09-07
mirror: MMR vaccine Vaccine Strain Measles Infection (Disseminated) Analogy to a known object inconsistent OR contradicts
pubmed · 27612 hits · run 2026-09-07
I5 · Latency coherenceno_data
Measure: Observed latency matches the mechanism's latency
Comparator: Mechanism-predicted latency
Hit rule: Observed onset latency is coherent with the mechanism's predicted latency
Finding: no evidence found
Cited: (none)
supporting: MMR vaccine Vaccine Strain Measles Infection (Disseminated) Latency coherence coherence OR latency OR susceptibility
pubmed · 870020 hits · run 2026-09-07
mirror: MMR vaccine Vaccine Strain Measles Infection (Disseminated) Latency coherence inconsistent OR contradicts
pubmed · 27612 hits · run 2026-09-07
J1 · Pre-specificationno_data
Measure: Window/hit-rule pre-specified before data
Comparator: Pre-specified vs post-hoc
Hit rule: The risk window, object, and hit rule were pre-specified before data were seen
Finding: The retrieved evidence focuses on large language models and ICD codes for detecting immune-related adverse events from immune checkpoint inhibitors and endoscopy-related adverse events, with no mention of MMR vaccine, vaccine strain measles infection, or a pre-specified risk window for such events.
Cited: (none)
supporting: MMR vaccine Vaccine Strain Measles Infection (Disseminated) Pre-specification pre-specified OR adjudicated
pubmed · 13548 hits · run 2026-09-07
mirror: MMR vaccine Vaccine Strain Measles Infection (Disseminated) Pre-specification post-hoc OR hypothesis-generating only
pubmed · 1698 hits · run 2026-09-07
2 retrieved record(s)
does_not_resolve 39226489 · Journal of clinical oncology : official (2024) — Enhancing Precision in Detecting Severe Immune-Related Adverse Events: Comparative Analysis of Large Language Models and International Classification of Disease
does_not_resolve 42692516 · BMJ open (2026) — Natural language processing for detecting endoscopy-related adverse events in free-text procedure reports at a tertiary referral centre in Türkiye: a 10-year re
J2 · Contrary-evidence logno_data
Measure: Contrary evidence is logged, not omitted
Comparator: Support-only dossier
Hit rule: Contrary / null / refuting findings are logged and shown alongside support
Finding: no evidence found
Cited: (none)
supporting: MMR vaccine Vaccine Strain Measles Infection (Disseminated) Contrary-evidence log pre-specified OR adjudicated
pubmed · 13548 hits · run 2026-09-07
mirror: MMR vaccine Vaccine Strain Measles Infection (Disseminated) Contrary-evidence log post-hoc OR hypothesis-generating only
pubmed · 1698 hits · run 2026-09-07
1 retrieved record(s)
does_not_resolve 39226489 · Journal of clinical oncology : official (2024) — Enhancing Precision in Detecting Severe Immune-Related Adverse Events: Comparative Analysis of Large Language Models and International Classification of Disease
J3 · No temporality-only claimno_data
Measure: Claim not based on temporality alone
Comparator: Sequence-only evidence
Hit rule: The claim is not supported by temporal sequence alone (independent evidence exists)
Finding: no evidence found
Cited: (none)
supporting: MMR vaccine Vaccine Strain Measles Infection (Disseminated) No temporality-only claim pre-specified OR adjudicated
pubmed · 13548 hits · run 2026-09-07
mirror: MMR vaccine Vaccine Strain Measles Infection (Disseminated) No temporality-only claim post-hoc OR hypothesis-generating only
pubmed · 1698 hits · run 2026-09-07
1 retrieved record(s)
does_not_resolve 39226489 · Journal of clinical oncology : official (2024) — Enhancing Precision in Detecting Severe Immune-Related Adverse Events: Comparative Analysis of Large Language Models and International Classification of Disease
J4 · Passive-surveillance roleno_data
Measure: Passive-surveillance findings bounded correctly
Comparator: Active-surveillance confirmation
Hit rule: Passive-surveillance signals are framed as hypothesis-generating, not confirmatory
Finding: The retrieved evidence describes a method comparison study using large language models to identify immune-related adverse events in patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors, with no mention of MMR vaccine, vaccine strain measles infection, or passive surveillance for vaccine adverse events.
Cited: (none)
supporting: MMR vaccine Vaccine Strain Measles Infection (Disseminated) Passive-surveillance role pre-specified OR adjudicated
pubmed · 13548 hits · run 2026-09-07
mirror: MMR vaccine Vaccine Strain Measles Infection (Disseminated) Passive-surveillance role post-hoc OR hypothesis-generating only
pubmed · 1698 hits · run 2026-09-07
1 retrieved record(s)
does_not_resolve 39226489 · Journal of clinical oncology : official (2024) — Enhancing Precision in Detecting Severe Immune-Related Adverse Events: Comparative Analysis of Large Language Models and International Classification of Disease
J5 · Dose mappingno_data
Measure: Dose/lot exposure mapped to the object
Comparator: Unmapped exposure
Hit rule: Dose / lot exposure is mapped to the object where the mechanism predicts it
Finding: no evidence found
Cited: (none)
supporting: MMR vaccine Vaccine Strain Measles Infection (Disseminated) Dose mapping pre-specified OR adjudicated
pubmed · 13548 hits · run 2026-09-07
mirror: MMR vaccine Vaccine Strain Measles Infection (Disseminated) Dose mapping post-hoc OR hypothesis-generating only
pubmed · 1698 hits · run 2026-09-07
1 retrieved record(s)
does_not_resolve 39226489 · Journal of clinical oncology : official (2024) — Enhancing Precision in Detecting Severe Immune-Related Adverse Events: Comparative Analysis of Large Language Models and International Classification of Disease

Epidemiologic chassis 13/13 evaluated

B1 · Excess vs baselineno_data
Measure: RR/IRR vs unexposed or prior window
Comparator: Unvaccinated person-time or pre-vaccination window
Hit rule: RR/IRR > 1 with CI excluding 1 after pre-specified confounders
Finding: no evidence found
Cited: (none)
supporting: MMR vaccine Vaccine Strain Measles Infection (Disseminated) Excess vs baseline incidence risk cohort OR self-controlled case series
pubmed · 945 hits · run 2026-09-07
mirror: MMR vaccine Vaccine Strain Measles Infection (Disseminated) no association OR null OR no increased risk Excess vs baseline
pubmed · 88467 hits · run 2026-09-07
11 retrieved record(s)
does_not_resolve 40440921 · Vaccine (2025) — Risk of Guillain-Barré syndrome after COVID-19 vaccination or SARS-CoV-2 infection: A multinational self-controlled case series study.
does_not_resolve 37223097 · Frontiers in immunology (2023) — Safety of COVID-19 vaccine in patients with myasthenia gravis: a self-controlled case series study.
does_not_resolve 40664645 · Nature communications (2025) — Evaluating the safety of XBB.1.5-containing COVID-19 mRNA vaccines using a self-controlled case series study.
does_not_resolve 40924159 · Clinical infectious diseases : an offici (2025) — Transient Increased Risk of Shingles Post-Shingrix Vaccination: Self-Controlled Case-Series Analysis.
does_not_resolve 33748963 · British journal of haematology (2021) — Glucocorticoid use and risk of first and recurrent venous thromboembolism: self-controlled case-series and cohort study.
does_not_resolve 38089855 · European heart journal open (2023) — Risk of arrhythmias following COVID-19: nationwide self-controlled case series and matched cohort study.
does_not_resolve 37806668 · Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics (2023) — Response to Dr. Somovilla del Saz's letter to the editor regarding "Risk of all-cause and cardiac-related mortality after vaccination against COVID-19: A meta-a
does_not_resolve 40987135 · JACC. Advances (2025) — Risk of Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events During Acute Streptococcus pneumoniae Infection in COPD Patients.
B2 · SCCSno_data
Measure: Self-controlled case series risk ratio
Comparator: Individuals' own risk intervals (no-event)
Hit rule: SCCS risk ratio > 1 in the post-vaccination window, CI excluding 1
Finding: no evidence found
Cited: (none)
supporting: MMR vaccine Vaccine Strain Measles Infection (Disseminated) SCCS incidence risk cohort OR self-controlled case series
pubmed · 945 hits · run 2026-09-07
mirror: MMR vaccine Vaccine Strain Measles Infection (Disseminated) no association OR null OR no increased risk SCCS
pubmed · 88575 hits · run 2026-09-07
9 retrieved record(s)
does_not_resolve 38388239 · Vaccine (2024) — Mortality risk after COVID-19 vaccination: A self-controlled case series study.
does_not_resolve 37534766 · Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics (2023) — Risk of all-cause and cardiac-related mortality after vaccination against COVID-19: A meta-analysis of self-controlled case series studies.
does_not_resolve 40440921 · Vaccine (2025) — Risk of Guillain-Barré syndrome after COVID-19 vaccination or SARS-CoV-2 infection: A multinational self-controlled case series study.
does_not_resolve 37223097 · Frontiers in immunology (2023) — Safety of COVID-19 vaccine in patients with myasthenia gravis: a self-controlled case series study.
does_not_resolve 40924159 · Clinical infectious diseases : an offici (2025) — Transient Increased Risk of Shingles Post-Shingrix Vaccination: Self-Controlled Case-Series Analysis.
does_not_resolve 42661284 · Expert review of vaccines (2026) — Stroke risk following BNT162b2 vaccination: a systematic review and meta-analysis of self-controlled case series studies.
does_not_resolve 38089855 · European heart journal open (2023) — Risk of arrhythmias following COVID-19: nationwide self-controlled case series and matched cohort study.
does_not_resolve 39795956 · International journal of molecular scien (2024) — The Potential Metalloestrogenic Effect of Aluminum on Breast Cancer Risk for Antiperspirant Users.
B3 · Cohort / risk-intervalno_data
Measure: Incidence rate ratio in defined window
Comparator: Pre-specified risk vs comparison interval
Hit rule: IRR > 1 in the pre-specified window, CI excluding 1, stratified by age/sex
Finding: no evidence found
Cited: (none)
supporting: MMR vaccine Vaccine Strain Measles Infection (Disseminated) Cohort / risk-interval incidence risk cohort OR self-controlled case series
pubmed · 945 hits · run 2026-09-07
mirror: MMR vaccine Vaccine Strain Measles Infection (Disseminated) no association OR null OR no increased risk Cohort / risk-interval
pubmed · 88076 hits · run 2026-09-07
13 retrieved record(s)
does_not_resolve 29961876 · Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : (2019) — Risk of acute kidney injury following community prescription of antibiotics: self-controlled case series.
does_not_resolve 40440921 · Vaccine (2025) — Risk of Guillain-Barré syndrome after COVID-19 vaccination or SARS-CoV-2 infection: A multinational self-controlled case series study.
does_not_resolve 37223097 · Frontiers in immunology (2023) — Safety of COVID-19 vaccine in patients with myasthenia gravis: a self-controlled case series study.
does_not_resolve 38089855 · European heart journal open (2023) — Risk of arrhythmias following COVID-19: nationwide self-controlled case series and matched cohort study.
does_not_resolve 40664645 · Nature communications (2025) — Evaluating the safety of XBB.1.5-containing COVID-19 mRNA vaccines using a self-controlled case series study.
does_not_resolve 33748963 · British journal of haematology (2021) — Glucocorticoid use and risk of first and recurrent venous thromboembolism: self-controlled case-series and cohort study.
does_not_resolve 37806668 · Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics (2023) — Response to Dr. Somovilla del Saz's letter to the editor regarding "Risk of all-cause and cardiac-related mortality after vaccination against COVID-19: A meta-a
does_not_resolve 40987135 · JACC. Advances (2025) — Risk of Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events During Acute Streptococcus pneumoniae Infection in COPD Patients.
B4 · Meta-analysis / poolingno_data
Measure: Pooled effect across studies
Comparator: Pooled estimate with heterogeneity
Hit rule: Pooled estimate > 1 (or < 1) with quantified heterogeneity (I2)
Finding: no evidence found
Cited: (none)
supporting: MMR vaccine Vaccine Strain Measles Infection (Disseminated) Meta-analysis / pooling incidence risk cohort OR self-controlled case series
pubmed · 945 hits · run 2026-09-07
mirror: MMR vaccine Vaccine Strain Measles Infection (Disseminated) no association OR null OR no increased risk Meta-analysis / pooling
pubmed · 111907 hits · run 2026-09-07
11 retrieved record(s)
does_not_resolve 29961876 · Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : (2019) — Risk of acute kidney injury following community prescription of antibiotics: self-controlled case series.
does_not_resolve 38388239 · Vaccine (2024) — Mortality risk after COVID-19 vaccination: A self-controlled case series study.
does_not_resolve 37534766 · Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics (2023) — Risk of all-cause and cardiac-related mortality after vaccination against COVID-19: A meta-analysis of self-controlled case series studies.
does_not_resolve 40440921 · Vaccine (2025) — Risk of Guillain-Barré syndrome after COVID-19 vaccination or SARS-CoV-2 infection: A multinational self-controlled case series study.
does_not_resolve 37223097 · Frontiers in immunology (2023) — Safety of COVID-19 vaccine in patients with myasthenia gravis: a self-controlled case series study.
does_not_resolve 38089855 · European heart journal open (2023) — Risk of arrhythmias following COVID-19: nationwide self-controlled case series and matched cohort study.
does_not_resolve 42661284 · Expert review of vaccines (2026) — Stroke risk following BNT162b2 vaccination: a systematic review and meta-analysis of self-controlled case series studies.
does_not_resolve 29402646 · Journal of the American Medical Director (2018) — Fall-Risk-Increasing Drugs: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis: III. Others.
B5 · Negative-control outcomesno_data
Measure: No excess for outcomes the vaccine should not cause
Comparator: Negative-control outcomes (unaffected by mechanism)
Hit rule: Null for negative-control outcomes while target outcome is positive (specificity)
Finding: No retrieved evidence addresses MMR vaccine, vaccine strain measles infection, or disseminated measles infection; all retrieved studies concern COVID-19 vaccines, valproate, GLP-1 agonists, or other unrelated exposures and outcomes.
Cited: (none)
supporting: MMR vaccine Vaccine Strain Measles Infection (Disseminated) Negative-control outcomes incidence risk cohort OR self-controlled case series
pubmed · 945 hits · run 2026-09-07
mirror: MMR vaccine Vaccine Strain Measles Infection (Disseminated) no association OR null OR no increased risk Negative-control outcomes
pubmed · 88278 hits · run 2026-09-07
10 retrieved record(s)
does_not_resolve 38388239 · Vaccine (2024) — Mortality risk after COVID-19 vaccination: A self-controlled case series study.
does_not_resolve 40440921 · Vaccine (2025) — Risk of Guillain-Barré syndrome after COVID-19 vaccination or SARS-CoV-2 infection: A multinational self-controlled case series study.
does_not_resolve 37534766 · Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics (2023) — Risk of all-cause and cardiac-related mortality after vaccination against COVID-19: A meta-analysis of self-controlled case series studies.
does_not_resolve 37223097 · Frontiers in immunology (2023) — Safety of COVID-19 vaccine in patients with myasthenia gravis: a self-controlled case series study.
does_not_resolve 40664645 · Nature communications (2025) — Evaluating the safety of XBB.1.5-containing COVID-19 mRNA vaccines using a self-controlled case series study.
does_not_resolve 40924159 · Clinical infectious diseases : an offici (2025) — Transient Increased Risk of Shingles Post-Shingrix Vaccination: Self-Controlled Case-Series Analysis.
does_not_resolve 42661284 · Expert review of vaccines (2026) — Stroke risk following BNT162b2 vaccination: a systematic review and meta-analysis of self-controlled case series studies.
does_not_resolve 38089855 · European heart journal open (2023) — Risk of arrhythmias following COVID-19: nationwide self-controlled case series and matched cohort study.
B6 · Other-antigen comparisonno_data
Measure: Risk vs a different-antigen comparator
Comparator: Comparator product with a different antigen
Hit rule: Risk specific to the target antigen, not shared with the comparator antigen
Finding: no evidence found
Cited: (none)
supporting: MMR vaccine Vaccine Strain Measles Infection (Disseminated) Other-antigen comparison incidence risk cohort OR self-controlled case series
pubmed · 945 hits · run 2026-09-07
mirror: MMR vaccine Vaccine Strain Measles Infection (Disseminated) no association OR null OR no increased risk Other-antigen comparison
pubmed · 88040 hits · run 2026-09-07
12 retrieved record(s)
does_not_resolve 29961876 · Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : (2019) — Risk of acute kidney injury following community prescription of antibiotics: self-controlled case series.
does_not_resolve 40440921 · Vaccine (2025) — Risk of Guillain-Barré syndrome after COVID-19 vaccination or SARS-CoV-2 infection: A multinational self-controlled case series study.
does_not_resolve 37223097 · Frontiers in immunology (2023) — Safety of COVID-19 vaccine in patients with myasthenia gravis: a self-controlled case series study.
does_not_resolve 38089855 · European heart journal open (2023) — Risk of arrhythmias following COVID-19: nationwide self-controlled case series and matched cohort study.
does_not_resolve 40664645 · Nature communications (2025) — Evaluating the safety of XBB.1.5-containing COVID-19 mRNA vaccines using a self-controlled case series study.
does_not_resolve 33748963 · British journal of haematology (2021) — Glucocorticoid use and risk of first and recurrent venous thromboembolism: self-controlled case-series and cohort study.
does_not_resolve 37806668 · Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics (2023) — Response to Dr. Somovilla del Saz's letter to the editor regarding "Risk of all-cause and cardiac-related mortality after vaccination against COVID-19: A meta-a
does_not_resolve 40987135 · JACC. Advances (2025) — Risk of Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events During Acute Streptococcus pneumoniae Infection in COPD Patients.
B7 · Absolute riskno_data
Measure: Per-100k risk in window
Comparator: Absolute incidence per 100k
Hit rule: Absolute risk reported and stable across the window (not an artifact of rarity)
Finding: no evidence found
Cited: (none)
supporting: MMR vaccine Vaccine Strain Measles Infection (Disseminated) Absolute risk incidence risk cohort OR self-controlled case series
pubmed · 945 hits · run 2026-09-07
mirror: MMR vaccine Vaccine Strain Measles Infection (Disseminated) no association OR null OR no increased risk Absolute risk
pubmed · 111307 hits · run 2026-09-07
13 retrieved record(s)
does_not_resolve 29961876 · Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : (2019) — Risk of acute kidney injury following community prescription of antibiotics: self-controlled case series.
does_not_resolve 38388239 · Vaccine (2024) — Mortality risk after COVID-19 vaccination: A self-controlled case series study.
does_not_resolve 40440921 · Vaccine (2025) — Risk of Guillain-Barré syndrome after COVID-19 vaccination or SARS-CoV-2 infection: A multinational self-controlled case series study.
does_not_resolve 37534766 · Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics (2023) — Risk of all-cause and cardiac-related mortality after vaccination against COVID-19: A meta-analysis of self-controlled case series studies.
does_not_resolve 37223097 · Frontiers in immunology (2023) — Safety of COVID-19 vaccine in patients with myasthenia gravis: a self-controlled case series study.
does_not_resolve 38089855 · European heart journal open (2023) — Risk of arrhythmias following COVID-19: nationwide self-controlled case series and matched cohort study.
does_not_resolve 40664645 · Nature communications (2025) — Evaluating the safety of XBB.1.5-containing COVID-19 mRNA vaccines using a self-controlled case series study.
does_not_resolve 42661284 · Expert review of vaccines (2026) — Stroke risk following BNT162b2 vaccination: a systematic review and meta-analysis of self-controlled case series studies.
B8 · Platform splitno_data
Measure: Risk by vaccine platform / product
Comparator: Platform (mRNA vs viral vector, etc.)
Hit rule: Risk attributable to a specific platform, not to 'a vaccine' generally
Finding: no evidence found
Cited: (none)
supporting: MMR vaccine Vaccine Strain Measles Infection (Disseminated) Platform split incidence risk cohort OR self-controlled case series
pubmed · 945 hits · run 2026-09-07
mirror: MMR vaccine Vaccine Strain Measles Infection (Disseminated) no association OR null OR no increased risk Platform split
pubmed · 88105 hits · run 2026-09-07
9 retrieved record(s)
does_not_resolve 40440921 · Vaccine (2025) — Risk of Guillain-Barré syndrome after COVID-19 vaccination or SARS-CoV-2 infection: A multinational self-controlled case series study.
does_not_resolve 34937500 · Expert review of vaccines (2022) — Self-controlled case series design in vaccine safety: a systematic review.
does_not_resolve 38875047 · The International journal of risk & safe (2024) — Self-controlled risk interval study of rotavirus vaccine safety: Findings and implications.
does_not_resolve 42661284 · Expert review of vaccines (2026) — Stroke risk following BNT162b2 vaccination: a systematic review and meta-analysis of self-controlled case series studies.
does_not_resolve 40924159 · Clinical infectious diseases : an offici (2025) — Transient Increased Risk of Shingles Post-Shingrix Vaccination: Self-Controlled Case-Series Analysis.
does_not_resolve 40664645 · Nature communications (2025) — Evaluating the safety of XBB.1.5-containing COVID-19 mRNA vaccines using a self-controlled case series study.
does_not_resolve 36370744 · The Lancet. Child & adolescent health (2023) — Cancer risk with topical calcineurin inhibitors, pimecrolimus and tacrolimus, for atopic dermatitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
does_not_resolve 23296494 · Molecular biology reports (2013) — Assessment of the association between GSTM1 null genotype and risk of type 2 diabetes.
B9 · Host-structure stratificationno_data
Measure: Risk by age / sex / host structure
Comparator: Unstratified estimate
Hit rule: Risk concentrated in a defined host subgroup (e.g. young males), stable across sources
Finding: no evidence found
Cited: (none)
supporting: MMR vaccine Vaccine Strain Measles Infection (Disseminated) Host-structure stratification incidence risk cohort OR self-controlled case series
pubmed · 945 hits · run 2026-09-07
mirror: MMR vaccine Vaccine Strain Measles Infection (Disseminated) no association OR null OR no increased risk Host-structure stratification
pubmed · 88038 hits · run 2026-09-07
10 retrieved record(s)
does_not_resolve 34937500 · Expert review of vaccines (2022) — Self-controlled case series design in vaccine safety: a systematic review.
does_not_resolve 38875047 · The International journal of risk & safe (2024) — Self-controlled risk interval study of rotavirus vaccine safety: Findings and implications.
does_not_resolve 42661284 · Expert review of vaccines (2026) — Stroke risk following BNT162b2 vaccination: a systematic review and meta-analysis of self-controlled case series studies.
does_not_resolve 40924159 · Clinical infectious diseases : an offici (2025) — Transient Increased Risk of Shingles Post-Shingrix Vaccination: Self-Controlled Case-Series Analysis.
does_not_resolve 40664645 · Nature communications (2025) — Evaluating the safety of XBB.1.5-containing COVID-19 mRNA vaccines using a self-controlled case series study.
does_not_resolve 40440921 · Vaccine (2025) — Risk of Guillain-Barré syndrome after COVID-19 vaccination or SARS-CoV-2 infection: A multinational self-controlled case series study.
does_not_resolve 23296494 · Molecular biology reports (2013) — Assessment of the association between GSTM1 null genotype and risk of type 2 diabetes.
does_not_resolve 23949879 · Tumour biology : the journal of the Inte (2014) — Meta-analysis of the association between GSTT1 null genotype and risk of nasopharyngeal carcinoma in Chinese.
B10 · Formulation / component changeno_data
Measure: Risk tracks a formulation change
Comparator: Pre- vs post-change formulation
Hit rule: Risk change tracks a documented formulation / component change over time
Finding: no evidence found
Cited: (none)
supporting: MMR vaccine Vaccine Strain Measles Infection (Disseminated) Formulation / component change incidence risk cohort OR self-controlled case series
pubmed · 945 hits · run 2026-09-07
mirror: MMR vaccine Vaccine Strain Measles Infection (Disseminated) no association OR null OR no increased risk Formulation / component change
pubmed · 88200 hits · run 2026-09-07
7 retrieved record(s)
does_not_resolve 40440921 · Vaccine (2025) — Risk of Guillain-Barré syndrome after COVID-19 vaccination or SARS-CoV-2 infection: A multinational self-controlled case series study.
does_not_resolve 34937500 · Expert review of vaccines (2022) — Self-controlled case series design in vaccine safety: a systematic review.
does_not_resolve 38875047 · The International journal of risk & safe (2024) — Self-controlled risk interval study of rotavirus vaccine safety: Findings and implications.
does_not_resolve 42661284 · Expert review of vaccines (2026) — Stroke risk following BNT162b2 vaccination: a systematic review and meta-analysis of self-controlled case series studies.
does_not_resolve 40924159 · Clinical infectious diseases : an offici (2025) — Transient Increased Risk of Shingles Post-Shingrix Vaccination: Self-Controlled Case-Series Analysis.
does_not_resolve 40664645 · Nature communications (2025) — Evaluating the safety of XBB.1.5-containing COVID-19 mRNA vaccines using a self-controlled case series study.
does_not_resolve 23296494 · Molecular biology reports (2013) — Assessment of the association between GSTM1 null genotype and risk of type 2 diabetes.
H2 · Formulation natural experimentno_data
Measure: Risk shifts with a formulation change in the field
Comparator: Pre- vs post-change formulation
Hit rule: Observed risk tracks a real-world formulation change (natural experiment)
Finding: no evidence found
Cited: (none)
supporting: MMR vaccine Vaccine Strain Measles Infection (Disseminated) Formulation natural experiment intervention OR treatment OR reversal
pubmed · 15141378 hits · run 2026-09-07
mirror: MMR vaccine Vaccine Strain Measles Infection (Disseminated) Formulation natural experiment no effect intervention
pubmed · 0 hits (0 hits — negative) · run 2026-09-07
H4 · Policy / pause signalno_data
Measure: Risk signal appears/disappears across a pause or policy change
Comparator: Pre- vs post-pause period
Hit rule: The signal appears or disappears coherently with a rollout / pause (H4)
Finding: no evidence found
Cited: (none)
supporting: MMR vaccine Vaccine Strain Measles Infection (Disseminated) Policy / pause signal intervention OR treatment OR reversal
pubmed · 15141378 hits · run 2026-09-07
mirror: MMR vaccine Vaccine Strain Measles Infection (Disseminated) Policy / pause signal no effect intervention
pubmed · 0 hits (0 hits — negative) · run 2026-09-07
1 retrieved record(s)
does_not_resolve 38189107 · Expert review of vaccines (2024) — Neoadjuvant personalized cancer vaccines: the final frontier?
I3 · Infection coherenceno_data
Measure: Pattern is coherent with or distinct from infection
Comparator: Infection-matched comparison
Hit rule: The post-vaccine pattern is coherent with (or clearly distinct from) the infection pattern
Finding: no evidence found
Cited: (none)
supporting: MMR vaccine Vaccine Strain Measles Infection (Disseminated) Infection coherence coherence OR latency OR susceptibility
pubmed · 870020 hits · run 2026-09-07
mirror: MMR vaccine Vaccine Strain Measles Infection (Disseminated) Infection coherence inconsistent OR contradicts
pubmed · 27612 hits · run 2026-09-07

Mediator & biological gradient 24/24 evaluated

C1n · Dose strength gradientno_data
Measure: Risk vs dose strength (dose size)
Comparator: Lower dose strength
Hit rule: Monotonic dose-response in dose strength (larger dose -> higher risk)
Finding: no evidence found
Cited: (none)
supporting: MMR vaccine Vaccine Strain Measles Infection (Disseminated) Dose strength gradient dose-response OR dose effect
pubmed · 1299132 hits · run 2026-09-07
mirror: MMR vaccine Vaccine Strain Measles Infection (Disseminated) no dose effect OR no dose-response Dose strength gradient
pubmed · 112 hits · run 2026-09-07
1 retrieved record(s)
does_not_resolve 39082700 · The Journal of infectious diseases (2025) — Effectiveness of MenB-4C Vaccine Against Gonorrhea: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
C2n · Dose number gradientno_data
Measure: Risk vs dose number (1st vs 2nd vs 3rd)
Comparator: First dose
Hit rule: Risk increases (or shows a defined pattern) with dose number
Finding: no evidence found
Cited: (none)
supporting: MMR vaccine Vaccine Strain Measles Infection (Disseminated) Dose number gradient dose-response OR dose effect
pubmed · 1299132 hits · run 2026-09-07
mirror: MMR vaccine Vaccine Strain Measles Infection (Disseminated) no dose effect OR no dose-response Dose number gradient
pubmed · 556 hits · run 2026-09-07
3 retrieved record(s)
does_not_resolve 39082700 · The Journal of infectious diseases (2025) — Effectiveness of MenB-4C Vaccine Against Gonorrhea: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
does_not_resolve 30316563 · Radiotherapy and oncology : journal of t (2019) — Volume effects of radiotherapy on the risk of second primary cancers: A systematic review of clinical and epidemiological studies.
does_not_resolve 42106826 · The international journal of behavioral (2026) — Physical activity, falls, and dementia risk in adults aged ≥ 60: evidence from three cohorts.
C3n · Measured-exposure tertilesno_data
Measure: Risk vs measured exposure tertile
Comparator: Lowest-exposure tertile
Hit rule: Risk ordered by measured-exposure tertile (high > mid > low)
Finding: no evidence found
Cited: (none)
supporting: MMR vaccine Vaccine Strain Measles Infection (Disseminated) Measured-exposure tertiles dose-response OR dose effect
pubmed · 1299132 hits · run 2026-09-07
mirror: MMR vaccine Vaccine Strain Measles Infection (Disseminated) no dose effect OR no dose-response Measured-exposure tertiles
pubmed · 1 hits · run 2026-09-07
2 retrieved record(s)
does_not_resolve 39082700 · The Journal of infectious diseases (2025) — Effectiveness of MenB-4C Vaccine Against Gonorrhea: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
does_not_resolve 41565341 · BMJ open (2026) — Impact of a community-led intervention on the uptake of childhood vaccines in Liverpool: a protocol for a synthetic control evaluation.
C4n · Organoid concentration curveno_data
Measure: Effect vs antigen concentration in organoid
Comparator: Vehicle / zero antigen
Hit rule: Dose-dependent effect across a graded concentration curve
Finding: no evidence found
Cited: (none)
supporting: MMR vaccine Vaccine Strain Measles Infection (Disseminated) Organoid concentration curve dose-response OR dose effect
pubmed · 1299132 hits · run 2026-09-07
mirror: MMR vaccine Vaccine Strain Measles Infection (Disseminated) no dose effect OR no dose-response Organoid concentration curve
pubmed · 12 hits · run 2026-09-07
2 retrieved record(s)
does_not_resolve 39082700 · The Journal of infectious diseases (2025) — Effectiveness of MenB-4C Vaccine Against Gonorrhea: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
does_not_resolve 41565341 · BMJ open (2026) — Impact of a community-led intervention on the uptake of childhood vaccines in Liverpool: a protocol for a synthetic control evaluation.
C5n · EC50 vs Cmax coherenceno_data
Measure: Measured exposure reaches effect threshold
Comparator: Pharmacokinetic Cmax vs EC50
Hit rule: Achieved exposure (Cmax/tissue) plausibly reaches the in-vitro EC50
Finding: no evidence found
Cited: (none)
supporting: MMR vaccine Vaccine Strain Measles Infection (Disseminated) EC50 vs Cmax coherence dose-response OR dose effect
pubmed · 1299132 hits · run 2026-09-07
mirror: MMR vaccine Vaccine Strain Measles Infection (Disseminated) no dose effect OR no dose-response EC50 vs Cmax coherence
pubmed · 1 hits · run 2026-09-07
2 retrieved record(s)
does_not_resolve 39082700 · The Journal of infectious diseases (2025) — Effectiveness of MenB-4C Vaccine Against Gonorrhea: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
does_not_resolve 41565341 · BMJ open (2026) — Impact of a community-led intervention on the uptake of childhood vaccines in Liverpool: a protocol for a synthetic control evaluation.
E1 · Mediator identified in casesno_data
Measure: Mediator present in affected tissue/cells
Comparator: Unaffected tissue / control
Hit rule: The hypothesized mediator is detected in the affected compartment and not (or less) in control
Finding: no evidence found
Cited: (none)
supporting: MMR vaccine Vaccine Strain Measles Infection (Disseminated) mechanism Mediator identified in cases in vitro OR patient-derived
pubmed · 29239 hits · run 2026-09-07
mirror: MMR vaccine Vaccine Strain Measles Infection (Disseminated) Mediator identified in cases not associated mechanism
pubmed · 1 hits · run 2026-09-07
1 retrieved record(s)
supports_node 28162821 · Vaccine (2017) — Safety of live vaccinations on immunosuppressive therapy in patients with immune-mediated inflammatory diseases, solid organ transplantation or after bone-marro
E2 · Mediator in healthy vaccineesno_data
Measure: Mediator detectable after vaccination
Comparator: Pre-vaccination baseline
Hit rule: Mediator appears after vaccination and tracks the exposure window
Finding: no evidence found
Cited: (none)
supporting: MMR vaccine Vaccine Strain Measles Infection (Disseminated) mechanism Mediator in healthy vaccinees in vitro OR patient-derived
pubmed · 29239 hits · run 2026-09-07
mirror: MMR vaccine Vaccine Strain Measles Infection (Disseminated) Mediator in healthy vaccinees not associated mechanism
pubmed · 0 hits (0 hits — negative) · run 2026-09-07
E3 · Infection contrastno_data
Measure: Mediator absent/low after natural infection
Comparator: Recovered natural infection
Hit rule: Mediator signal is specific to vaccination vs a comparable natural-infection control
Finding: no evidence found
Cited: (none)
supporting: MMR vaccine Vaccine Strain Measles Infection (Disseminated) mechanism Infection contrast in vitro OR patient-derived
pubmed · 29239 hits · run 2026-09-07
mirror: MMR vaccine Vaccine Strain Measles Infection (Disseminated) Infection contrast not associated mechanism
pubmed · 0 hits (0 hits — negative) · run 2026-09-07
E4 · Transfer to recipientno_data
Measure: Phenotype/mediator transferred to a recipient system
Comparator: Control transfer
Hit rule: The effect / mediator transfers to a naive recipient system
Finding: no evidence found
Cited: (none)
supporting: MMR vaccine Vaccine Strain Measles Infection (Disseminated) mechanism Transfer to recipient in vitro OR patient-derived
pubmed · 29239 hits · run 2026-09-07
mirror: MMR vaccine Vaccine Strain Measles Infection (Disseminated) Transfer to recipient not associated mechanism
pubmed · 0 hits (0 hits — negative) · run 2026-09-07
E5 · Transfer specificityno_data
Measure: Transfer requires the specific mediator
Comparator: Transfer with mediator present
Hit rule: Transfer effect is lost when the specific mediator is removed
Finding: no evidence found
Cited: (none)
supporting: MMR vaccine Vaccine Strain Measles Infection (Disseminated) mechanism Transfer specificity in vitro OR patient-derived
pubmed · 29239 hits · run 2026-09-07
mirror: MMR vaccine Vaccine Strain Measles Infection (Disseminated) Transfer specificity not associated mechanism
pubmed · 0 hits (0 hits — negative) · run 2026-09-07
E6 · Depletion / knockdownno_data
Measure: Removing the mediator reduces the effect
Comparator: Non-targeted knockdown
Hit rule: Knockdown / depletion of the mediator reduces the phenotype
Finding: no evidence found
Cited: (none)
supporting: MMR vaccine Vaccine Strain Measles Infection (Disseminated) mechanism Depletion / knockdown in vitro OR patient-derived
pubmed · 29239 hits · run 2026-09-07
mirror: MMR vaccine Vaccine Strain Measles Infection (Disseminated) Depletion / knockdown not associated mechanism
pubmed · 0 hits (0 hits — negative) · run 2026-09-07
E7 · Add-back rescueno_data
Measure: Adding the mediator restores the effect
Comparator: Add-back of a control protein
Hit rule: Adding back the mediator (not a control) restores the phenotype
Finding: no evidence found
Cited: (none)
supporting: MMR vaccine Vaccine Strain Measles Infection (Disseminated) mechanism Add-back rescue in vitro OR patient-derived
pubmed · 29239 hits · run 2026-09-07
mirror: MMR vaccine Vaccine Strain Measles Infection (Disseminated) Add-back rescue not associated mechanism
pubmed · 0 hits (0 hits — negative) · run 2026-09-07
E8 · Neutralizationno_data
Measure: Neutralizing the mediator blocks the effect
Comparator: Isotype control
Hit rule: Neutralization of the mediator (not an isotype control) blocks the phenotype
Finding: The study uses cotton rats to evaluate measles vaccine immunogenicity and efficacy but does not investigate neutralization of a mediator that blocks disseminated vaccine strain measles infection.
Cited: (none)
supporting: MMR vaccine Vaccine Strain Measles Infection (Disseminated) mechanism Neutralization in vitro OR patient-derived
pubmed · 29239 hits · run 2026-09-07
mirror: MMR vaccine Vaccine Strain Measles Infection (Disseminated) Neutralization not associated mechanism
pubmed · 1 hits · run 2026-09-07
1 retrieved record(s)
does_not_resolve 10924785 · Vaccine (2000) — Use of cotton rats for preclinical evaluation of measles vaccines.
E9 · Isotype controlno_data
Measure: Isotype control does not reproduce the effect
Comparator: Active antibody
Hit rule: An isotype control fails to reproduce the block/activation
Finding: no evidence found
Cited: (none)
supporting: MMR vaccine Vaccine Strain Measles Infection (Disseminated) mechanism Isotype control in vitro OR patient-derived
pubmed · 29239 hits · run 2026-09-07
mirror: MMR vaccine Vaccine Strain Measles Infection (Disseminated) Isotype control not associated mechanism
pubmed · 0 hits (0 hits — negative) · run 2026-09-07
F1 · Full product reproducesno_data
Measure: Full vaccine product reproduces the effect
Comparator: No-product control
Hit rule: The full product (not a subcomponent) reproduces the effect
Finding: No evidence found
Cited: (none)
supporting: MMR vaccine Vaccine Strain Measles Infection (Disseminated) Full product reproduces component OR antigen OR vector
pubmed · 2045214 hits · run 2026-09-07
mirror: MMR vaccine Vaccine Strain Measles Infection (Disseminated) Full product reproduces no effect component isolation
pubmed · 0 hits (0 hits — negative) · run 2026-09-07
5 retrieved record(s)
does_not_resolve 20218334 · Uirusu (2009) — [Measles vaccine].
does_not_resolve 29550258 · Immunology letters (2018) — Live bacterial vaccine vector and delivery strategies of heterologous antigen: A review.
does_not_resolve 25105278 · Viruses (2014) — Virus-vectored influenza virus vaccines.
does_not_resolve 25876176 · Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics (2015) — Progress on adenovirus-vectored universal influenza vaccines.
does_not_resolve 21952287 · Cancer journal (Sudbury, Mass.) (2011) — Viral vector-based therapeutic cancer vaccines.
F2 · Empty vector / particleno_data
Measure: Vector/particle without antigen reproduces (or not)
Comparator: Full product
Hit rule: Effect attributed to (or excluded from) the vector/particle backbone alone
Finding: The retrieved evidence describes measles vaccine strains derived from the Edmonston strain and mentions reverse genetics to study attenuated vaccine strains, but does not address whether an empty vector/particle backbone (without antigen) can reproduce or cause disseminated measles infection. No evidence discusses the specific node F2 (empty vector/particle) effect or a hit rule for vector backbone without antigen.
Cited: (none)
supporting: MMR vaccine Vaccine Strain Measles Infection (Disseminated) Empty vector / particle component OR antigen OR vector
pubmed · 2045214 hits · run 2026-09-07
mirror: MMR vaccine Vaccine Strain Measles Infection (Disseminated) Empty vector / particle no effect component isolation
pubmed · 0 hits (0 hits — negative) · run 2026-09-07
5 retrieved record(s)
does_not_resolve 20218334 · Uirusu (2009) — [Measles vaccine].
does_not_resolve 29550258 · Immunology letters (2018) — Live bacterial vaccine vector and delivery strategies of heterologous antigen: A review.
does_not_resolve 25105278 · Viruses (2014) — Virus-vectored influenza virus vaccines.
does_not_resolve 25876176 · Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics (2015) — Progress on adenovirus-vectored universal influenza vaccines.
does_not_resolve 21952287 · Cancer journal (Sudbury, Mass.) (2011) — Viral vector-based therapeutic cancer vaccines.
F3 · Antigen alone reproducesno_data
Measure: Isolated antigen reproduces the effect
Comparator: Vehicle
Hit rule: The isolated antigen (not the full product) reproduces the effect
Finding: No evidence found that isolated measles antigen alone reproduces disseminated vaccine strain measles infection.
Cited: (none)
supporting: MMR vaccine Vaccine Strain Measles Infection (Disseminated) Antigen alone reproduces component OR antigen OR vector
pubmed · 2045214 hits · run 2026-09-07
mirror: MMR vaccine Vaccine Strain Measles Infection (Disseminated) Antigen alone reproduces no effect component isolation
pubmed · 0 hits (0 hits — negative) · run 2026-09-07
5 retrieved record(s)
does_not_resolve 20218334 · Uirusu (2009) — [Measles vaccine].
does_not_resolve 29550258 · Immunology letters (2018) — Live bacterial vaccine vector and delivery strategies of heterologous antigen: A review.
does_not_resolve 25105278 · Viruses (2014) — Virus-vectored influenza virus vaccines.
does_not_resolve 25876176 · Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics (2015) — Progress on adenovirus-vectored universal influenza vaccines.
does_not_resolve 21952287 · Cancer journal (Sudbury, Mass.) (2011) — Viral vector-based therapeutic cancer vaccines.
F4 · Irrelevant cargono_data
Measure: Irrelevant cargo does not reproduce the effect
Comparator: Vector with the target antigen
Hit rule: Irrelevant cargo fails to reproduce the effect (specificity)
Finding: no evidence found
Cited: (none)
supporting: MMR vaccine Vaccine Strain Measles Infection (Disseminated) Irrelevant cargo component OR antigen OR vector
pubmed · 2045214 hits · run 2026-09-07
mirror: MMR vaccine Vaccine Strain Measles Infection (Disseminated) Irrelevant cargo no effect component isolation
pubmed · 0 hits (0 hits — negative) · run 2026-09-07
6 retrieved record(s)
ambiguous 20218334 · Uirusu (2009) — [Measles vaccine].
does_not_resolve 29550258 · Immunology letters (2018) — Live bacterial vaccine vector and delivery strategies of heterologous antigen: A review.
does_not_resolve 25105278 · Viruses (2014) — Virus-vectored influenza virus vaccines.
does_not_resolve 25876176 · Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics (2015) — Progress on adenovirus-vectored universal influenza vaccines.
does_not_resolve 21952287 · Cancer journal (Sudbury, Mass.) (2011) — Viral vector-based therapeutic cancer vaccines.
does_not_resolve 27384578 · Viruses (2016) — Newcastle Disease Virus as a Vaccine Vector for Development of Human and Veterinary Vaccines.
F5 · Infection preparationno_data
Measure: Infection preparation vs product comparison
Comparator: Product-derived preparation
Hit rule: Effect compares correctly between infection and product preparations
Finding: The retrieved evidence describes the development of attenuated live measles vaccine strains from the Edmonston strain and discusses molecular techniques for studying vaccine strain characteristics, but does not address disseminated vaccine strain measles infection following MMR vaccination or provide any comparison between infection and product preparations.
Cited: PMID 20218334
supporting: MMR vaccine Vaccine Strain Measles Infection (Disseminated) Infection preparation component OR antigen OR vector
pubmed · 2045214 hits · run 2026-09-07
mirror: MMR vaccine Vaccine Strain Measles Infection (Disseminated) Infection preparation no effect component isolation
pubmed · 0 hits (0 hits — negative) · run 2026-09-07
6 retrieved record(s)
does_not_resolve 20218334 · Uirusu (2009) — [Measles vaccine].
does_not_resolve 29550258 · Immunology letters (2018) — Live bacterial vaccine vector and delivery strategies of heterologous antigen: A review.
does_not_resolve 25105278 · Viruses (2014) — Virus-vectored influenza virus vaccines.
does_not_resolve 25876176 · Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics (2015) — Progress on adenovirus-vectored universal influenza vaccines.
does_not_resolve 21952287 · Cancer journal (Sudbury, Mass.) (2011) — Viral vector-based therapeutic cancer vaccines.
does_not_resolve 27384578 · Viruses (2016) — Newcastle Disease Virus as a Vaccine Vector for Development of Human and Veterinary Vaccines.
F6 · Cytokine / adjuvant mixno_data
Measure: Cytokine/adjuvant mix alone reproduces (or not)
Comparator: Individual components
Hit rule: The effect is (or is not) reproducible by the cytokine/adjuvant mix alone
Finding: no evidence found
Cited: (none)
supporting: MMR vaccine Vaccine Strain Measles Infection (Disseminated) Cytokine / adjuvant mix component OR antigen OR vector
pubmed · 2045214 hits · run 2026-09-07
mirror: MMR vaccine Vaccine Strain Measles Infection (Disseminated) Cytokine / adjuvant mix no effect component isolation
pubmed · 0 hits (0 hits — negative) · run 2026-09-07
6 retrieved record(s)
does_not_resolve 20218334 · Uirusu (2009) — [Measles vaccine].
does_not_resolve 29550258 · Immunology letters (2018) — Live bacterial vaccine vector and delivery strategies of heterologous antigen: A review.
does_not_resolve 25105278 · Viruses (2014) — Virus-vectored influenza virus vaccines.
does_not_resolve 25876176 · Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics (2015) — Progress on adenovirus-vectored universal influenza vaccines.
does_not_resolve 21952287 · Cancer journal (Sudbury, Mass.) (2011) — Viral vector-based therapeutic cancer vaccines.
does_not_resolve 27384578 · Viruses (2016) — Newcastle Disease Virus as a Vaccine Vector for Development of Human and Veterinary Vaccines.
F7 · Component combinationno_data
Measure: Defined component combination reproduces the effect
Comparator: Single components
Hit rule: A defined combination reproduces the effect that single components do not
Finding: The retrieved evidence does not address the specific combination of components in MMR vaccine causing disseminated vaccine strain measles infection, nor does it compare single-component effects to combination effects.
Cited: (none)
supporting: MMR vaccine Vaccine Strain Measles Infection (Disseminated) Component combination component OR antigen OR vector
pubmed · 2045214 hits · run 2026-09-07
mirror: MMR vaccine Vaccine Strain Measles Infection (Disseminated) Component combination no effect component isolation
pubmed · 0 hits (0 hits — negative) · run 2026-09-07
6 retrieved record(s)
does_not_resolve 20218334 · Uirusu (2009) — [Measles vaccine].
does_not_resolve 29550258 · Immunology letters (2018) — Live bacterial vaccine vector and delivery strategies of heterologous antigen: A review.
does_not_resolve 25105278 · Viruses (2014) — Virus-vectored influenza virus vaccines.
does_not_resolve 25876176 · Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics (2015) — Progress on adenovirus-vectored universal influenza vaccines.
does_not_resolve 21952287 · Cancer journal (Sudbury, Mass.) (2011) — Viral vector-based therapeutic cancer vaccines.
does_not_resolve 27384578 · Viruses (2016) — Newcastle Disease Virus as a Vaccine Vector for Development of Human and Veterinary Vaccines.
G1 · 2D human cellsno_data
Measure: Effect reproduced in 2D human cell culture
Comparator: Untreated / control cells
Hit rule: Effect reproduced in 2D primary human cells
Finding: no evidence found
Cited: (none)
supporting: MMR vaccine Vaccine Strain Measles Infection (Disseminated) 2D human cells animal OR organoid OR cell model
pubmed · 1818474 hits · run 2026-09-07
mirror: MMR vaccine Vaccine Strain Measles Infection (Disseminated) 2D human cells not reproduced model
pubmed · 0 hits (0 hits — negative) · run 2026-09-07
G2 · Organoid / chipno_data
Measure: Effect reproduced in organoid / organ-on-chip
Comparator: Unexposed organoid
Hit rule: Effect reproduced in a 3D organoid / organ-on-chip system
Finding: no evidence found
Cited: (none)
supporting: MMR vaccine Vaccine Strain Measles Infection (Disseminated) Organoid / chip animal OR organoid OR cell model
pubmed · 1818474 hits · run 2026-09-07
mirror: MMR vaccine Vaccine Strain Measles Infection (Disseminated) Organoid / chip not reproduced model
pubmed · 0 hits (0 hits — negative) · run 2026-09-07
H1 · Block in vitro / in vivono_data
Measure: Blocking the mediator/mechanism prevents the effect
Comparator: Control intervention
Hit rule: Blocking the mechanism prevents or reverses the effect (not with a control intervention)
Finding: no evidence found
Cited: (none)
supporting: MMR vaccine Vaccine Strain Measles Infection (Disseminated) Block in vitro / in vivo intervention OR treatment OR reversal
pubmed · 15141378 hits · run 2026-09-07
mirror: MMR vaccine Vaccine Strain Measles Infection (Disseminated) Block in vitro / in vivo no effect intervention
pubmed · 0 hits (0 hits — negative) · run 2026-09-07

Clinical / animal / host 7/7 evaluated

E10 · Host-line dependenceno_data
Measure: Effect depends on host line/cell type
Comparator: Susceptible host line
Hit rule: Effect is restricted to a defined host line / genotype, not universal
Finding: no evidence found
Cited: (none)
supporting: MMR vaccine Vaccine Strain Measles Infection (Disseminated) mechanism Host-line dependence in vitro OR patient-derived
pubmed · 29239 hits · run 2026-09-07
mirror: MMR vaccine Vaccine Strain Measles Infection (Disseminated) Host-line dependence not associated mechanism
pubmed · 0 hits (0 hits — negative) · run 2026-09-07
G3 · Animal, clinical routeno_data
Measure: Effect in animal via the clinical route of administration
Comparator: Vehicle, same route
Hit rule: Effect reproduced in an animal using the clinical route of administration
Finding: no evidence found
Cited: (none)
supporting: MMR vaccine Vaccine Strain Measles Infection (Disseminated) Animal, clinical route animal OR organoid OR cell model
pubmed · 1818474 hits · run 2026-09-07
mirror: MMR vaccine Vaccine Strain Measles Infection (Disseminated) Animal, clinical route not reproduced model
pubmed · 0 hits (0 hits — negative) · run 2026-09-07
G4 · Susceptible animalno_data
Measure: Effect in a susceptible animal model
Comparator: Non-susceptible model
Hit rule: Effect in a defined susceptible animal model
Finding: no evidence found
Cited: (none)
supporting: MMR vaccine Vaccine Strain Measles Infection (Disseminated) Susceptible animal animal OR organoid OR cell model
pubmed · 1818474 hits · run 2026-09-07
mirror: MMR vaccine Vaccine Strain Measles Infection (Disseminated) Susceptible animal not reproduced model
pubmed · 0 hits (0 hits — negative) · run 2026-09-07
G5 · Replication across labsno_data
Measure: Effect replicated in an independent lab
Comparator: Original result
Hit rule: The key effect is replicated in an independent laboratory
Finding: no evidence found
Cited: (none)
supporting: MMR vaccine Vaccine Strain Measles Infection (Disseminated) Replication across labs animal OR organoid OR cell model
pubmed · 1818474 hits · run 2026-09-07
mirror: MMR vaccine Vaccine Strain Measles Infection (Disseminated) Replication across labs not reproduced model
pubmed · 0 hits (0 hits — negative) · run 2026-09-07
G6 · Blinded scoringno_data
Measure: Outcomes scored blinded
Comparator: Unblinded reference
Hit rule: Primary outcomes scored by a blinded assessor
Finding: no evidence found
Cited: (none)
supporting: MMR vaccine Vaccine Strain Measles Infection (Disseminated) Blinded scoring animal OR organoid OR cell model
pubmed · 1818474 hits · run 2026-09-07
mirror: MMR vaccine Vaccine Strain Measles Infection (Disseminated) Blinded scoring not reproduced model
pubmed · 0 hits (0 hits — negative) · run 2026-09-07
G7 · Experimental time courseno_data
Measure: Effect follows a defined experimental time course
Comparator: No-exposure time course
Hit rule: The effect's onset/offset follows a defined experimental time course
Finding: no evidence found
Cited: (none)
supporting: MMR vaccine Vaccine Strain Measles Infection (Disseminated) Experimental time course animal OR organoid OR cell model
pubmed · 1818474 hits · run 2026-09-07
mirror: MMR vaccine Vaccine Strain Measles Infection (Disseminated) Experimental time course not reproduced model
pubmed · 0 hits (0 hits — negative) · run 2026-09-07
I4 · Susceptibility traitno_data
Measure: A host trait / marker defines susceptibility
Comparator: Trait-negative hosts
Hit rule: A defined host trait / marker enriches for susceptibility
Finding: no evidence found
Cited: (none)
supporting: MMR vaccine Vaccine Strain Measles Infection (Disseminated) Susceptibility trait coherence OR latency OR susceptibility
pubmed · 870020 hits · run 2026-09-07
mirror: MMR vaccine Vaccine Strain Measles Infection (Disseminated) Susceptibility trait inconsistent OR contradicts
pubmed · 27612 hits · run 2026-09-07
1 retrieved record(s)
does_not_resolve 20637771 · Vaccine (2010) — Measles outbreak in Tanzania, 2006-2007.

How this was built

Per node: a supporting and a mirror PubMed query built from the node's measure / population / comparator / hit_rule; top hits fetched (title + abstract); each record classified (supports / refutes / ambiguous) by xAI with a heuristic fallback; a per-node synthesis is generated strictly from the retrieved PMIDs; the node status is then rolled up to C1–C6. Full query provenance is shown per node above. Reproduce the build: python -m evidence_run. Data: data/evidence_run/state.json.