Moxifloxacin Hydrochloride side effects: what 20,154 FDA adverse event reports show
Drug class
Not stated in label
Who reports
20,154 reports · 85% serious · 2,667 with death outcome · 58% female
Used for
Moxifloxacin tablets are a fluoroquinolone antibacterial indicated for treating infections in adults 18 years of age and older caused by designated susceptible bacteria, in the conditions listed below: Community Acquired Pneumonia ( 1.1 ) Skin and Skin.
What it is
Moxifloxacin hydrochloride USP is a synthetic antibacterial agent for oral administration. Moxifloxacin, a fluoroquinolone, is available as the monohydrochloride salt of 1-cyclopropyl-7-[(S,S)-2,8-diazabicyclo[4.3.0]non-8-yl]-6-fluoro-8-methoxy-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-3 quinoline carboxylic acid.
Boxed warning
SERIOUS ADVERSE REACTIONS INCLUDING TENDINITIS, TENDON RUPTURE, PERIPHERAL NEUROPATHY, CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM EFFECTS andEXACERBATION OF MYASTHENIA GRAVIS Fluoroquinolones, including moxifloxacin tablets, have been a.
Causality screen of the 40 strongest signals
What the badges mean
- Labeled (related wording) The label describes this effect under different wording (e.g. 'neutropenia' for 'neutrophil count decreased'). Treated as known.
- Likely indication confounding The term appears in the label's indications: reports probably describe the disease being treated (or its progression), not a drug effect. Classic confounding by indication.
- Lab value / disease marker A laboratory result, investigation or disease-activity marker (antibody positive, CRP abnormal, swollen joint count) not described in the label. These usually mirror the monitored disease or testing protocol rather than a drug effect; not screened further.
- Not in label — unassessed Not found in the label text, not an artifact pattern. This is a genuine candidate for a formal causality assessment (Bradford Hill / WHO-UMC); it has NOT had one here.
Strongest disproportionality signals
Flagged terms (PRR ≥ 2, χ² ≥ 4, n ≥ 10), ranked by PRR; infinite PRRs (no comparator reports) excluded. The EBGM column is a second, shrinkage-based estimate (MGPS) with its 5th percentile EB05 and the BCPNN IC025; a pair flagged by PRR alone is marked PRR-only and should be read as fragile. The strata column recomputes the PRR on serious reports only (and, for the 300 most-reported drugs, adjusted for age band), and flags pairs whose reports are unusually skewed by sex or come mostly from consumers. Each row also shows the PRR against the other drugs of the same FDA class, which removes most confounding by the condition being treated, and a calibrated p-value: on validation, known non-causes average an ROR of about 2, so significance is judged against that empirical null (✓ = p < 0.05 after calibration). 1,174 further terms are in the interactive explorer. Reaction links open the term's cross-drug page.
| Reaction | Reports | PRR 95% CI · ROR · χ²/p | EBGM EB05 · IC025 | Label screen | Serious-only & strata | Trial cross-check |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Iris transillumination defect | 114 | 1,694.5 1,257.0–2,284.2ROR 1,704.1 · calibrated p 2e-19 ✓ | 577.2 EB05 493.6 · IC025 +7.1 3/3 methods agree | Not in label — unassessed | serious n=106 · 100% clinician | not reported in cached trials |
| Total lung capacity increased | 153 | 1,341.2 1,054.7–1,705.5ROR 1,351.5 · calibrated p 2e-18 ✓ | 542.1 EB05 473.7 · IC025 +7.4 3/3 methods agree | Not in label — unassessed | serious n=153 · ♀ 100% (drug 58%) | not reported in cached trials |
| Spirometry abnormal | 286 | 997.7 848.3–1,173.4ROR 1,012.1 · calibrated p 3e-17 ✓ | 489.6 EB05 443.8 · IC025 +7.9 3/3 methods agree | Lab value / disease marker | serious n=286 · ♀ 0% (drug 58%) | not reported in cached trials |
| Mite allergy | 270 | 769.2 657.3–900.2ROR 779.7 · calibrated p 6e-16 ✓ | 426.6 EB05 385.6 · IC025 +7.7 3/3 methods agree | Not in label — unassessed | serious n=270 · ♀ 0% (drug 58%) | not reported in cached trials |
| Mycotic allergy | 272 | 498.2 431.3–575.4ROR 505.0 · calibrated p 7e-14 ✓ | 327.9 EB05 296.5 · IC025 +7.5 3/3 methods agree | Not in label — unassessed | serious n=272 · ♀ 0% (drug 58%) | not reported in cached trials |
| Asthma-chronic obstructive pulmonary disease overlap syndrome | 157 | 451.0 374.0–543.9ROR 454.6 · calibrated p 2e-13 ✓ | 302.0 EB05 264.4 · IC025 +7.0 3/3 methods agree | Not in label — unassessed | serious n=157 · ♀ 100% (drug 58%) | not reported in cached trials |
| Sleep disorder due to general medical condition, hypersomnia type | 29 | 424.9 275.7–654.9ROR 425.5 · calibrated p 3e-12 ✓ | 251.1 EB05 183.3 · IC025 +5.0 3/3 methods agree | Not in label — unassessed | serious n=29 · ♀ 100% (drug 58%) · 100% clinician | not reported in cached trials |
| Dust allergy | 276 | 418.7 364.3–481.3ROR 424.5 · calibrated p 4e-13 ✓ | 291.6 EB05 263.9 · IC025 +7.4 3/3 methods agree | Not in label — unassessed | serious n=276 · ♀ 0% (drug 58%) | not reported in cached trials |
| Pulmonary vasculitis | 148 | 405.9 335.7–490.7ROR 408.9 · calibrated p 7e-13 ✓ | 280.5 EB05 244.6 · IC025 +6.9 3/3 methods agree | Not in label — unassessed | serious n=148 · ♀ 0% (drug 58%) | not reported in cached trials |
| Total lung capacity abnormal | 101 | 376.7 300.0–473.0ROR 378.6 · calibrated p 2e-12 ✓ | 262.1 EB05 221.9 · IC025 +6.5 3/3 methods agree | Not in label — unassessed | serious n=101 · ♀ 0% (drug 58%) | not reported in cached trials |
| Choroiditis | 93 | 343.1 271.4–433.7ROR 344.7 · calibrated p 5e-12 ✓ | 244.4 EB05 205.5 · IC025 +6.4 3/3 methods agree | Not in label — unassessed | serious n=93 · ♀ 11% (drug 58%) | not reported in cached trials |
| Iris hypopigmentation | 26 | 337.5 216.8–525.7ROR 338.0 · calibrated p 3e-11 ✓ | 214.3 EB05 153.7 · IC025 +4.8 3/3 methods agree | Not in label — unassessed | serious n=21 · 100% clinician | not reported in cached trials |
| Keratitis fungal | 49 | 330.6 239.7–456.1ROR 331.4 · calibrated p 1e-11 ✓ | 228.1 EB05 179.3 · IC025 +5.7 3/3 methods agree | Not in label — unassessed | serious n=42 · ♀ 36% (drug 58%) · 100% clinician | not reported in cached trials |
| Mycobacterial peritonitis | 21 | 291.1 179.3–472.4ROR 291.4 · calibrated p 1e-10 ✓ | 188.3 EB05 129.9 · IC025 +4.4 3/3 methods agree | Not in label — unassessed | serious n=21 | not reported in cached trials |
| Capillaritis | 57 | 281.1 209.7–376.6ROR 281.9 · calibrated p 4e-11 ✓ | 205.7 EB05 164.6 · IC025 +5.8 3/3 methods agree | Not in label — unassessed | serious n=57 · ♀ 0% (drug 58%) | not reported in cached trials |
| Tender joint count | 17 | 260.2 152.9–443.0ROR 260.5 · calibrated p 5e-10 ✓ | 168.7 EB05 111.6 · IC025 +4.1 3/3 methods agree | Not in label — unassessed | serious n=17 | not reported in cached trials |
| Type 2 lepra reaction | 37 | 254.7 177.7–365.0ROR 255.2 · calibrated p 2e-10 ✓ | 184.9 EB05 140.1 · IC025 +5.2 3/3 methods agree | Not in label — unassessed | serious n=37 · ♀ 0% (drug 58%) · 100% clinician | not reported in cached trials |
| Conjunctivitis allergic | 279 | 245.6 215.7–279.7ROR 249.1 · calibrated p 6e-11 ✓ | 195.7 EB05 177.2 · IC025 +7.0 3/3 methods agree | Not in label — unassessed | serious n=279 · ♀ 0% (drug 58%) | not reported in cached trials |
| Persistent corneal epithelial defect | 19 | 207.3 126.6–339.3ROR 207.5 · calibrated p 2e-9 ✓ | 147.4 EB05 99.7 · IC025 +4.2 3/3 methods agree | Not in label — unassessed | serious n=15 | not reported in cached trials |
| Toxic anterior segment syndrome | 173 | 196.7 167.3–231.3ROR 198.4 · calibrated p 5e-10 ✓ | 162.3 EB05 143.0 · IC025 +6.6 3/3 methods agree | Not in label — unassessed | serious n=168 · 91% clinician | not reported in cached trials |
| C-reactive protein | 143 | 194.8 163.0–232.8ROR 196.2 · calibrated p 6e-10 ✓ | 160.4 EB05 139.5 · IC025 +6.4 3/3 methods agree | Lab value / disease marker | serious n=143 · ♀ 100% (drug 58%) · 91% clinician | not reported in cached trials |
| Mycobacterium fortuitum infection | 27 | 177.5 118.0–267.0ROR 177.7 · calibrated p 5e-9 ✓ | 137.0 EB05 98.9 · IC025 +4.7 3/3 methods agree | Not in label — unassessed | serious n=27 · ♀ 0% (drug 58%) | not reported in cached trials |
| Corneal infiltrates | 44 | 172.9 125.7–237.9ROR 173.3 · calibrated p 3e-9 ✓ | 139.3 EB05 108.0 · IC025 +5.3 3/3 methods agree | Not in label — unassessed | serious n=42 · 100% clinician | not reported in cached trials |
| Nasal oedema | 232 | 154.7 134.9–177.5ROR 156.5 · calibrated p 4e-9 ✓ | 133.1 EB05 119.3 · IC025 +6.5 3/3 methods agree | Not in label — unassessed | serious n=232 · ♀ 100% (drug 58%) · 94% clinician | not reported in cached trials |
| Swollen joint count | 31 | 150.0 102.9–218.6ROR 150.2 · calibrated p 1e-8 ✓ | 121.3 EB05 89.6 · IC025 +4.8 3/3 methods agree | Not in label — unassessed | serious n=31 · ♀ 100% (drug 58%) · 100% clinician | not reported in cached trials |
| Keratitis bacterial | 20 | 148.6 93.0–237.5ROR 148.8 · calibrated p 3e-8 ✓ | 115.9 EB05 79.2 · IC025 +4.2 3/3 methods agree | Likely indication confounding shares a disease stem with the indications wording | serious n=19 · 100% clinician | not reported in cached trials |
| Temperature regulation disorder | 273 | 148.6 131.0–168.6ROR 150.6 · calibrated p 5e-9 ✓ | 128.8 EB05 116.5 · IC025 +6.5 3/3 methods agree | Not in label — unassessed | serious n=273 · ♀ 100% (drug 58%) | not reported in cached trials |
| Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody positive | 90 | 146.8 117.7–182.9ROR 147.4 · calibrated p 8e-9 ✓ | 125.1 EB05 104.9 · IC025 +5.9 3/3 methods agree | Lab value / disease marker | serious n=90 · ♀ 0% (drug 58%) | not reported in cached trials |
| Grip strength | 28 | 142.9 96.2–212.1ROR 143.1 · calibrated p 2e-8 ✓ | 115.8 EB05 84.1 · IC025 +4.7 3/3 methods agree | Not in label — unassessed | serious n=28 · ♀ 100% (drug 58%) | not reported in cached trials |
| Anterior chamber fibrin | 15 | 135.0 78.8–231.2ROR 135.1 · calibrated p 9e-8 ✓ | 103.9 EB05 66.9 · IC025 +3.8 3/3 methods agree | Not in label — unassessed | serious n=15 | not reported in cached trials |
| Tuberculoma of central nervous system | 20 | 127.4 80.1–202.7ROR 127.5 · calibrated p 8e-8 ✓ | 102.6 EB05 70.1 · IC025 +4.2 3/3 methods agree | Labeled (related wording) related wording | serious n=20 | not reported in cached trials |
| Tuberculosis of central nervous system | 28 | 122.2 82.6–180.8ROR 122.4 · calibrated p 7e-8 ✓ | 101.9 EB05 74.0 · IC025 +4.6 3/3 methods agree | Labeled (related wording) related wording | serious n=28 · ♀ 0% (drug 58%) · 100% clinician | not reported in cached trials |
| Disseminated mycobacterium avium complex infection | 22 | 120.0 77.2–186.6ROR 120.2 · calibrated p 1e-7 ✓ | 98.6 EB05 68.6 · IC025 +4.3 3/3 methods agree | Not in label — unassessed | serious n=22 · 100% clinician | not reported in cached trials |
| Deep vein thrombosis postoperative | 202 | 119.5 103.3–138.1ROR 120.7 · calibrated p 3e-8 ✓ | 106.1 EB05 94.3 · IC025 +6.2 3/3 methods agree | Not in label — unassessed | serious n=202 · ♀ 100% (drug 58%) · 91% clinician | not reported in cached trials |
| Iris atrophy | 21 | 117.1 74.5–183.8ROR 117.2 · calibrated p 1e-7 ✓ | 96.2 EB05 66.4 · IC025 +4.2 3/3 methods agree | Not in label — unassessed | serious n=21 · 100% clinician | not reported in cached trials |
| Hypopyon | 83 | 115.3 92.0–144.7ROR 115.8 · calibrated p 5e-8 ✓ | 101.4 EB05 84.4 · IC025 +5.6 3/3 methods agree | Not in label — unassessed | serious n=82 · 94% clinician | not reported in cached trials |
| Corneal decompensation | 15 | 109.1 64.1–185.8ROR 109.2 · calibrated p 4e-7 ✓ | 88.0 EB05 56.6 · IC025 +3.7 3/3 methods agree | Not in label — unassessed | serious n=15 | not reported in cached trials |
| Normochromic normocytic anaemia | 277 | 105.8 93.5–119.6ROR 107.2 · calibrated p 7e-8 ✓ | 95.4 EB05 86.3 · IC025 +6.2 3/3 methods agree | Not in label — unassessed | serious n=277 · ♀ 0% (drug 58%) | not reported in cached trials |
| Neuritis | 141 | 104.9 88.3–124.7ROR 105.7 · calibrated p 9e-8 ✓ | 94.1 EB05 81.8 · IC025 +5.9 3/3 methods agree | Not in label — unassessed | serious n=141 · ♀ 0% (drug 58%) | not reported in cached trials |
| Corneal epithelium defect | 52 | 103.6 77.9–137.7ROR 103.8 · calibrated p 1e-7 ✓ | 91.1 EB05 72.1 · IC025 +5.2 3/3 methods agree | Not in label — unassessed | serious n=41 | not reported in cached trials |
Trial evidence (ClinicalTrials.gov)
✓ Trial adverse-event data found on ClinicalTrials.gov
Largest completed trials with posted results that list Moxifloxacin as a study intervention. The right-hand column of the signal table shows whether each FAERS term was also recorded in these trials, with a real denominator (0 of 40 signal terms matched).
- NCT02563327 — Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Study of High-Dose Rifapentine and Moxifloxacin for Treatment of Tuberculo (N=2516, PHASE3; 79 AE terms posted; arms: Regimen 1 (2HRZE/4HR); Regimen 2 (2HPZ/2HP); Regimen 3 (2HPZM/2HPM))
Caveats: trial populations, doses and follow-up differ from the reporting population; AE terms are sponsor-coded and matched here by wording; absence from a trial list means the term was not reported above the sponsor's frequency threshold, not that it cannot occur.
Most frequently reported reactions
By raw co-report count, regardless of disproportionality. Common terms here are often the illness itself or generic outcomes.
| Reaction | Reports | PRR 95% CI · ROR · χ²/p | EBGM EB05 · IC025 | Label screen | Serious-only & strata | Trial cross-check |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Off label use (used outside approved label) | 2,412 | 2.9 2.8–3.0ROR 3.2 · calibrated p 0.578 | 2.9 EB05 2.8 · IC025 +1.5 3/3 methods agree | Reporting / coding artifact | serious PRR 3.3 | not reported in cached trials |
| Dyspnoea (shortness of breath) | 2,203 | 4.1 3.9–4.2ROR 4.4 · calibrated p 0.305 | 4.0 EB05 3.9 · IC025 +1.9 3/3 methods agree | Labeled adverse reaction exact term | serious PRR 3.7 | not reported in cached trials |
| Drug ineffective (drug did not work) | 2,105 | 1.7 1.6–1.7ROR 1.7 · calibrated p 0.795 | 1.7 EB05 1.6 · IC025 +0.7 | Reporting / coding artifact | serious PRR 2.9 | not reported in cached trials |
| Asthma | 2,071 | 19.6 18.8–20.4ROR 21.7 · calibrated p 0.001 ✓ | 19.2 EB05 18.5 · IC025 +4.2 3/3 methods agree | Labeled adverse reaction exact term | serious PRR 18.2 · ♀ 78% (drug 58%) | not reported in cached trials |
| Drug hypersensitivity | 2,056 | 11.1 10.7–11.6ROR 12.3 · calibrated p 0.015 ✓ | 11.0 EB05 10.6 · IC025 +3.4 3/3 methods agree | Labeled (related wording) related wording | serious PRR 19.6 · ♀ 96% (drug 58%) | not reported in cached trials |
| Pneumonia (lung infection) | 1,997 | 6.5 6.2–6.7ROR 7.1 · calibrated p 0.096 | 6.4 EB05 6.2 · IC025 +2.6 3/3 methods agree | Likely indication confounding term in indications | serious PRR 4.5 · ♀ 83% (drug 58%) | NCT02563327: 1/825 (0.1%) on Moxifloxacin (serious AE) |
| Vomiting | 1,856 | 4.1 4.0–4.3ROR 4.4 · calibrated p 0.304 | 4.1 EB05 4.0 · IC025 +2.0 3/3 methods agree | Labeled adverse reaction exact term | serious PRR 4.1 · ♀ 89% (drug 58%) | NCT02563327: 1/835 (0.1%) on Moxifloxacin (serious AE) |
| Pain | 1,737 | 2.9 2.8–3.1ROR 3.1 · calibrated p 0.587 | 2.9 EB05 2.8 · IC025 +1.5 3/3 methods agree | Labeled adverse reaction exact term | serious PRR 3.0 · ♀ 89% (drug 58%) | not reported in cached trials |
| Wheezing | 1,664 | 30.1 28.7–31.5ROR 32.7 · calibrated p 2e-4 ✓ | 29.3 EB05 28.1 · IC025 +4.8 3/3 methods agree | Labeled adverse reaction exact term | serious PRR 27.2 | not reported in cached trials |
| Rash | 1,549 | 3.7 3.6–3.9ROR 4.0 · calibrated p 0.387 | 3.7 EB05 3.6 · IC025 +1.8 3/3 methods agree | Labeled adverse reaction exact term | serious PRR 5.3 · ♀ 86% (drug 58%) | NCT02563327: 1/835 (0.1%) on Moxifloxacin (serious AE) |
| Fatigue (tiredness) | 1,451 | 1.9 1.9–2.0ROR 2.0 · calibrated p 0.954 | 1.9 EB05 1.9 · IC025 +0.9 | Labeled — boxed warning synonym match | serious PRR 2.3 · ♀ 80% (drug 58%) | not reported in cached trials |
| Malaise (feeling unwell) | 1,304 | 3.1 2.9–3.3ROR 3.2 · calibrated p 0.554 | 3.1 EB05 2.9 · IC025 +1.5 3/3 methods agree | Labeled adverse reaction exact term | serious PRR 3.4 · ♀ 91% (drug 58%) | not reported in cached trials |
| Pyrexia (fever) | 1,269 | 3.8 3.6–4.0ROR 4.0 · calibrated p 0.375 | 3.8 EB05 3.6 · IC025 +1.8 3/3 methods agree | Labeled adverse reaction exact term | serious PRR 3.2 | NCT02563327: 1/846 (0.1%) on Moxifloxacin (serious AE) |
| Nausea | 1,255 | 1.7 1.6–1.7ROR 1.7 · calibrated p 0.769 | 1.7 EB05 1.6 · IC025 +0.6 | Labeled adverse reaction exact term | serious PRR 2.0 · ♀ 78% (drug 58%) | not reported in cached trials |
| Condition aggravated | 1,222 | 4.2 4.0–4.5ROR 4.4 · calibrated p 0.307 | 4.2 EB05 4.0 · IC025 +2.0 3/3 methods agree | Reporting / coding artifact | serious PRR 4.2 | not reported in cached trials |
Unlabeled candidate signals
These flagged terms were not found in the FDA label text and do not match an artifact pattern. They are the pairs that would merit a structured assessment (temporality, dose-response, biological plausibility, consistency across databases, trial or cohort evidence). The screen has not done that; string-matching misses label wording, and a strong PRR can still be stimulated reporting, co-medication, or the disease itself.
- Iris transillumination defect — n=114, PRR 1,694.5
- Total lung capacity increased — n=153, PRR 1,341.2
- Mite allergy — n=270, PRR 769.2
- Mycotic allergy — n=272, PRR 498.2
- Asthma-chronic obstructive pulmonary disease overlap syndrome — n=157, PRR 451.0
- Sleep disorder due to general medical condition, hypersomnia type — n=29, PRR 424.9
- Dust allergy — n=276, PRR 418.7
- Pulmonary vasculitis — n=148, PRR 405.9
- Total lung capacity abnormal — n=101, PRR 376.7
- Choroiditis — n=93, PRR 343.1
✓ A hand-written Bradford Hill causality assessment exists for this drug: Oxycodone Hydrochloride ↔ Drug Dependence.
Want to assess one of these properly? The runbook describes the Bradford Hill / trial-evidence workflow used on the assessment page, and handoff_top1000_signals.csv lists the strongest unassessed pairs across all drugs.
Common questions
What are the most reported side effects of Moxifloxacin?
In FDA FAERS, the most frequently co-reported reaction terms for Moxifloxacin are dyspnoea, asthma, drug hypersensitivity, pneumonia, vomiting, pain. These are report counts, not rates: FAERS has no denominator, reporting is voluntary and uneven, and a term can be reported because of the illness being treated rather than the drug.
Does Moxifloxacin have an FDA boxed warning?
Yes. The current FDA label carries a boxed warning: SERIOUS ADVERSE REACTIONS INCLUDING TENDINITIS, TENDON RUPTURE, PERIPHERAL NEUROPATHY, CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM EFFECTS andEXACERBATION OF MYASTHENIA GRAVIS Fluoroquinolones, including moxifloxacin tablets, have been a.
Do FAERS signals prove that Moxifloxacin causes these side effects?
No. A disproportionality signal (PRR, ROR) means a reaction is reported more often with this drug than with others in the database. That can reflect a real effect, but also the disease being treated, stimulated reporting after news or litigation, co-medications, or how reports are coded. Causality needs temporality, dose-response, biological plausibility, consistency across data sources and, ideally, trial or cohort evidence. This page screens each term against the FDA label and ClinicalTrials.gov results; it does not establish causation.
Sources & methods
- FDA label via openFDA (set ID 182ecd0f-714f-42f0-9b16-fb604cf15786, effective 20260317; matched on
openfda.generic_name.exact:"MOXIFLOXACIN") - Bayesian shrinkage measures computed offline over all 1,317,300 cached pairs: BCPNN information component (IC, with Norén closed-form IC025) and MGPS empirical-Bayes geometric mean (EBGM, EB05) with a two-component gamma prior fitted by maximum marginal likelihood (α₁=0.57, β₁=0.02, α₂=1.42, β₂=0.70, w=0.17); unstratified
- FAERS pair statistics from the OpenPV build of 2026-09-14 (openFDA
count=aggregation, fieldpatient.drug.openfda.generic_name.exact, 1,214 reaction terms, min 3 co-reports); PRR/ROR with 95% CI, chi-square with Yates correction - Serious-only and stratified counts (serious:1, patient.patientsex, primarysource.qualification) from openFDA count queries; serious-only PRR uses the drug serious report total and the term global serious total (N_serious=11,882,979); strata shown only when n ≥ 20
- Seriousness and sex counts from openFDA
count=serious,patient.patientsex,seriousnessdeath - ClinicalTrials.gov API v2 (query
MOXIFLOXACIN, results-bearing studies sorted by enrollment)
Page generated 2026-10-14. Label and PubChem text are retrieved automatically and may lag the current label; always check the current prescribing information. OpenPV is a beta research tool of the Open Source Medicine Foundation.