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Open Source Medicine Foundation

Vaccine Evidence Summaries

Neutral, data-focused evidence summaries for vaccines used worldwide. Pick a country below to see only the vaccines on that nation's routine childhood/adolescent schedule, or switch to the Adult & Travel pane. Each page summarizes published pre-licensure clinical trial data, post-licensure surveillance findings, and peer-reviewed epidemiological studies.

ⓘ About These Pages

Each vaccine page follows a consistent 7-section structure:

Data are drawn from:

Safety and efficacy data are presented without interpretive language that implies a vaccine is "safe" or "unsafe." Where findings are inconsistent or limited, those limitations are explicitly stated.

The country schedule selector below reflects a simplified, representative view of each nation's routine universal recommendations as of mid-2026 and is not a substitute for the live national schedule — immunization policy changes frequently (the U.S. schedule itself is currently subject to active litigation). Always verify against your national health authority.

Infant · Child

MMR

Measles, Mumps & Rubella

Live attenuated vaccine. Two-dose series at 12–15 months and 4–6 years. Covers M-M-R® II and PRIORIX.
Birth · Infant

Hepatitis B

HepB — 3-dose series starting at birth

Recombinant vaccine. Covers Engerix-B®, Recombivax HB®, Heplisav-B®, and PreHevbrio®.
Adolescent

HPV

Human Papillomavirus — 2 or 3 doses ages 9+

Virus-like particle vaccine. Covers Gardasil® 9 (9-valent) and historical products. First anti-cancer vaccine.
Infant · Child · Adult

DTaP / Tdap

Diphtheria, Tetanus & Pertussis

5-dose infant DTaP series + adolescent Tdap booster. Maternal Tdap during pregnancy.
Infant

Hib

Haemophilus influenzae type b

Conjugate vaccine. 2–3 dose primary series + booster. >99% reduction in invasive Hib disease.
Infant · Child

Polio (IPV)

Inactivated Poliovirus Vaccine

4-dose series. U.S. switched from OPV to IPV in 2000 to eliminate vaccine-associated paralytic polio risk.
Infant

PCV (Pneumococcal)

Pneumococcal Conjugate — PCV13/15/20

4-dose series. PCV7 pivotal trial (N=38,000) was one of the largest pediatric vaccine trials.
Infant (oral)

Rotavirus

Live attenuated oral vaccine

2–3 dose series. Pivotal trials among the largest ever (~130,000 infants). Small intussusception risk identified post-licensure.
Infant · Child

Varicella

Chickenpox — 2-dose series

Live attenuated vaccine. Standalone (Varivax®) or MMRV combination (ProQuad®). MMRV has elevated febrile seizure risk vs. separate administration.
Infant · Child

Hepatitis A

HepA — 2-dose series starting at 12 months

Inactivated whole-virus vaccine. One of the least reactogenic vaccines on the pediatric schedule.
Adolescent

Meningococcal

MenACWY & MenB — Adolescent

MenACWY (2 doses, universal) + MenB (shared decision-making). Licensed via immunogenicity, not clinical efficacy.
Annual · All ages

Influenza

Seasonal Flu — Annual vaccination

Reformulated annually. IIV (injection) and LAIV (intranasal). Variable effectiveness (10–60%). 1976 GBS signal historical context.
Updated · All ages

COVID-19

SARS-CoV-2 — mRNA & protein subunit

Largest safety database in history (675M+ U.S. doses). Myocarditis signal in adolescent males. Updated formulations for variants.