Rubella virus — taxonomy, vaccines and antivirals

At a glance

Abbreviation	RuV
ICTV species	Rubivirus rubellae
Family	Matonaviridae
Baltimore class	IV — (+)ssRNA
Human infection	Human infection recorded; pattern not classified

Also called: RuV; Rubivirus rubellae

Riboviria › Kitrinoviricota › Alsuviricetes › Hepelivirales › Matonaviridae › Rubivirus

What it is

Taxonomy copied from ICTV MSL41.v1 / VMR_MSL41.v1.20260729.xlsx. These ranks are not hand-edited; a correction means re-running the fetch against a newer release.

Realm	Riboviria
Kingdom	Orthornavirae
Phylum	Kitrinoviricota
Class	Alsuviricetes
Order	Hepelivirales
Family	Matonaviridae
Genus	Rubivirus
ICTV identifier	ICTV19750326
NCBI taxon	2846071
Exemplar isolate	JN635296

Host evidence

human: 3,435 GenBank records

Counts of nucleotide records annotated with that host. Evidence of provenance, not a statement of host range.

Where it occurs

01–1011–100101–1,0001,001–10,000over 10,000not in the reporting set

Cases of Rubella reported to WHO by national authorities, latest year 2025. Reported cases undercount true infections, and a zero can mean elimination or simply that nobody reported — each country page carries a data-quality grade saying which. This is occurrence as reported, not a modelled distribution.

What it does

effectiveness estimates

pooled or expert review

controlled observational

surveillance, ecological, modelling

Pooled or expert review

Vaccine effectiveness against any disease or infection 1

When problems appear: after the infection, and after the vaccine

Two separate clocks on the same logarithmic scale. The first starts at the infection and shows when its sequelae are described as beginning; the second starts at the dose and shows when the vaccine's adverse events are described as beginning. Each bar is one source's printed window, not a synthesis; hover for the source.

After vaccination: adverse events 1

Disease risk and vaccine efficacy: every estimate with its population, design and the sentence it came from.

Vaccines

In use against this virus
Name	Developer	Platform	Use	Stage	Jurisdictions	Trials	Source
Measles, Mumps and Rubella Vaccine, Live	See FDA listing	Not searched yet	Routine immunisation	Approved	US: approved	—	candidateId fda-measles-mumps-and-rubella-vaccine-live (targetDisease
PRIORIX	GlaxoSmithKline Biologicals	Not searched yet	Routine immunisation	Approved	US: approved	—	candidateId fda-priorix (targetDisease 'Measles / Mumps / Rubella'); s

In development

Candidates
Name	Developer	Platform	Use	Stage	Jurisdictions	Trials	Source
BCG vaccine	Bandim Health Project	Not searched yet	Routine immunisation	Phase 3	Not searched yet	NCT04899765 NCT07005726	candidateId ctgov-bcg-vaccine-bandim-health-project (targetDisease 'Me
Measles-Mumps-Rubella vaccine (MMR)	Laure Pittet, MD-PhD	Not searched yet	Routine immunisation	Phase 3	Not searched yet	NCT05758532	candidateId ctgov-measles-mumps-rubella-vaccine-mmr-laure-pittet-md-ph
MMRV vaccine	GlaxoSmithKline	Not searched yet	Routine immunisation	Phase 3	Not searched yet	NCT07742644	candidateId ctgov-mmrvns-vaccine-glaxosmithkline (targetDisease 'Measl
MMRVNS (GSK investigational MMRV vaccine)	GlaxoSmithKline	Not searched yet	Routine immunisation	Phase 3	Not searched yet	NCT07406360	candidateId ctgov-mmrvns-glaxosmithkline (targetDisease 'Measles / Mum
Varicella Vaccine	Sinovac (Dalian) Vaccine Technology Co., Ltd.	live attenuated	Routine immunisation	Phase 3	Not searched yet	NCT06891872	candidateId ctgov-vaicella-vaccine-dtap-on-day-0-mmr-on-day-30-sinovac
M-M-R™ II and Varivax™	Merck Sharp & Dohme LLC	Not searched yet	Routine immunisation	Discontinued	Not searched yet	NCT00839917	candidateId ctgov-measles-mumps-rubella-and-varicella-oka-merck-virus-

Antivirals

Not searched yet. No US-approved antiviral for this virus was found in the openFDA drug label endpoint. Only US labels were searched, and only drugs the FDA classes as antivirals.

Antibodies and immune globulins

Not searched yet. No US-approved antiviral antibody for this virus was found in the openFDA drug label endpoint.

Approval status is not a treatment recommendation. Dosing and eligibility are on the label and in national guidelines. This page does not give medical advice and does not render dosing. A development stage is not a measure of how well something works.

Disease risk and vaccine efficacy — burden figures and trial results, each quoted from its source
Mmr vaccine — ingredients, schedule and reported side effects
Vaccine pipeline — candidates listed under “Measles / Mumps / Rubella”
Other Matonaviridae viruses

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