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Drug · FAERS side-effect profile with label screen

Ciprofloxacin Hydrochloride side effects: what 96,695 FDA adverse event reports show

Ciprofloxacin Hydrochloride · 1,213 reaction terms · 452,652 drug–reaction co-reports · data 2026-09-14

Drug class

Fluoroquinolone antibacterial

FDA label, Indications wording

Who reports

96,695 reports · 83% serious · 9,728 with death outcome · 58% female

openFDA FAERS counts, all years, deduplication not applied

Used for

Ciprofloxacin is a fluoroquinolone antibacterial indicated in adults (18 years of age and older) with the following infections caused by designated, susceptible bacteria and in pediatric patients where indicated: • Skin and Skin Structure Infections ( Error! Hyperlink reference not valid.

FDA label, Indications and Usage

What it is

Ciprofloxacin is a quinolone that is quinolin-4(1H)-one bearing cyclopropyl, carboxylic acid, fluoro and piperazin-1-yl substituents at positions 1, 3, 6 and 7, respectively.

PubChem CID 2764 (ChEBI)

Boxed warning

SERIOUS ADVERSE REACTIONS INCLUDING TENDINITIS, TENDON RUPTURE, PERIPHERAL NEUROPATHY, CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM EFFECTS AND EXACERBATION OF MYASTHENIA GRAVIS • Fluoroquinolones, including ciprofloxacin, have been assoc.

FDA label

How to read this page. FAERS is a spontaneous-reporting system: counts are not incidence rates and a signal is not proof of causation. Each reaction below is run through an automated screen — is the term in the FDA label (known), in the indications (the disease being treated), an administrative/coding term, or none of these (unlabeled)? That screen is mechanical text matching, not a causality assessment. The 30 hand-written Bradford Hill assessments are on the causality assessment page. Not medical advice.

Causality screen of the 40 strongest signals

Labeled — boxed warning 2Labeled adverse reaction 2Labeled (related wording) 8Likely indication confounding 2Lab value / disease marker 1Not in label — unassessed 25

What the badges mean

Labeled — boxed warning The term (or its clinical synonym) appears in the FDA boxed warning: causality is regulator-recognised and considered serious.
Labeled adverse reaction The exact term appears in the label's warnings or adverse-reactions sections: a known, expected effect. The FAERS signal confirms the label rather than discovering anything.
Labeled (related wording) The label describes this effect under different wording (e.g. 'neutropenia' for 'neutrophil count decreased'). Treated as known.
Likely indication confounding The term appears in the label's indications: reports probably describe the disease being treated (or its progression), not a drug effect. Classic confounding by indication.
Lab value / disease marker A laboratory result, investigation or disease-activity marker (antibody positive, CRP abnormal, swollen joint count) not described in the label. These usually mirror the monitored disease or testing protocol rather than a drug effect; not screened further.
Not in label — unassessed Not found in the label text, not an artifact pattern. This is a genuine candidate for a formal causality assessment (Bradford Hill / WHO-UMC); it has NOT had one here.

Strongest disproportionality signals

Flagged terms (PRR ≥ 2, χ² ≥ 4, n ≥ 10), ranked by PRR; infinite PRRs (no comparator reports) excluded. The EBGM column is a second, shrinkage-based estimate (MGPS) with its 5th percentile EB05 and the BCPNN IC025; a pair flagged by PRR alone is marked PRR-only and should be read as fragile. The strata column recomputes the PRR on serious reports only (and, for the 300 most-reported drugs, adjusted for age band), and flags pairs whose reports are unusually skewed by sex or come mostly from consumers. Each row also shows the PRR against the other drugs of the same FDA class, which removes most confounding by the condition being treated, and a calibrated p-value: on validation, known non-causes average an ROR of about 2, so significance is judged against that empirical null (✓ = p < 0.05 after calibration). 1,173 further terms are in the interactive explorer. Reaction links open the term's cross-drug page.

Show: hide coding/lab/outcome terms hide indication terms unlabeled only hide PRR-only

Reaction	Reports	PRR 95% CI · ROR · χ²/p	EBGM EB05 · IC025	Label screen	Serious-only & strata	Trial cross-check
Vaginal flatulence	177	301.6 239.9–379.2ROR 302.1 · calibrated p 2e-11 ✓	123.8 EB05 109.2 · IC025 +6.3 3/3 methods agree	Not in label — unassessed	serious n=177 · ♀ 100% (drug 58%)	not reported in cached trials
Total lung capacity increased	158	300.5 235.9–382.7ROR 301.0 · calibrated p 2e-11 ✓	123.4 EB05 108.1 · IC025 +6.2 3/3 methods agree	Not in label — unassessed	serious n=158 · ♀ 100% (drug 58%) · 100% clinician	not reported in cached trials
Musculoskeletal injury	83	113.3 86.8–147.9ROR 113.4 · calibrated p 7e-8 ✓	73.1 EB05 60.8 · IC025 +5.3 3/3 methods agree	Labeled (related wording) related wording	serious n=80 · 100% consumer	not reported in cached trials
Tendon discomfort	253	109.5 94.1–127.4ROR 109.8 · calibrated p 6e-8 ✓	72.3 EB05 65.1 · IC025 +5.8 3/3 methods agree	Labeled (related wording) related wording	serious n=248	not reported in cached trials
Asthma-chronic obstructive pulmonary disease overlap syndrome	152	89.4 74.0–108.1ROR 89.6 · calibrated p 3e-7 ✓	62.8 EB05 54.9 · IC025 +5.4 3/3 methods agree	Labeled (related wording) related wording	serious n=152 · ♀ 100% (drug 58%) · 100% clinician	not reported in cached trials
Tendon pain	2,035	79.7 75.7–83.8ROR 81.4 · calibrated p 5e-7 ✓	58.2 EB05 56.1 · IC025 +5.8 3/3 methods agree	Labeled (related wording) related wording	serious n=1,866 · 72% consumer	not reported in cached trials
Chronic kidney disease-mineral and bone disorder	192	47.0 40.2–54.9ROR 47.1 · calibrated p 2e-5 ✓	38.6 EB05 34.2 · IC025 +4.9 3/3 methods agree	Not in label — unassessed	serious n=192	not reported in cached trials
Tendon disorder	1,135	45.5 42.7–48.5ROR 46.1 · calibrated p 2e-5 ✓	37.7 EB05 35.9 · IC025 +5.1 3/3 methods agree	Labeled adverse reaction exact term	serious n=1,016	not reported in cached trials
Hyperparathyroidism secondary	415	42.4 38.2–47.1ROR 42.6 · calibrated p 4e-5 ✓	35.5 EB05 32.7 · IC025 +4.9 3/3 methods agree	Not in label — unassessed	serious n=415	not reported in cached trials
Nephrogenic anaemia	755	41.7 38.6–45.0ROR 42.0 · calibrated p 4e-5 ✓	35.0 EB05 32.9 · IC025 +5.0 3/3 methods agree	Not in label — unassessed	serious n=755	not reported in cached trials
Dysbiosis	119	37.7 31.0–45.8ROR 37.8 · calibrated p 8e-5 ✓	32.0 EB05 27.5 · IC025 +4.5 3/3 methods agree	Not in label — unassessed	serious n=119	not reported in cached trials
Tendonitis	2,268	36.9 35.3–38.6ROR 37.8 · calibrated p 7e-5 ✓	31.6 EB05 30.5 · IC025 +4.9 3/3 methods agree	Labeled — boxed warning synonym match	serious PRR 24.8	not reported in cached trials
Female genital tract fistula	246	36.1 31.5–41.3ROR 36.1 · calibrated p 1e-4 ✓	30.9 EB05 27.8 · IC025 +4.7 3/3 methods agree	Not in label — unassessed	serious n=246 · ♀ 100% (drug 58%)	not reported in cached trials
Rebound acid hypersecretion	437	35.9 32.5–39.8ROR 36.1 · calibrated p 1e-4 ✓	30.9 EB05 28.5 · IC025 +4.7 3/3 methods agree	Not in label — unassessed	serious n=437 · 100% consumer	not reported in cached trials
Nasal oedema	249	34.9 30.5–39.9ROR 35.0 · calibrated p 1e-4 ✓	30.0 EB05 27.0 · IC025 +4.6 3/3 methods agree	Not in label — unassessed	serious n=249 · ♀ 100% (drug 58%) · 100% clinician	not reported in cached trials
Small fibre neuropathy	93	31.5 25.4–39.2ROR 31.6 · calibrated p 2e-4 ✓	27.5 EB05 23.1 · IC025 +4.3 3/3 methods agree	Not in label — unassessed	serious n=92 · ♀ 0% (drug 58%) · 100% consumer	not reported in cached trials
Joint noise	208	26.0 22.5–30.0ROR 26.0 · calibrated p 6e-4 ✓	23.2 EB05 20.7 · IC025 +4.2 3/3 methods agree	Not in label — unassessed	serious n=196 · 79% consumer	not reported in cached trials
Pouchitis	91	25.5 20.5–31.7ROR 25.5 · calibrated p 7e-4 ✓	22.8 EB05 19.1 · IC025 +4.0 3/3 methods agree	Not in label — unassessed	serious n=87 · ♀ 0% (drug 58%)	not reported in cached trials
Tendon rupture (torn tendon)	1,303	25.4 24.0–26.9ROR 25.8 · calibrated p 6e-4 ✓	22.8 EB05 21.8 · IC025 +4.4 3/3 methods agree	Labeled — boxed warning exact term	serious PRR 16.3	not reported in cached trials
Joint crepitation	198	23.6 20.4–27.3ROR 23.6 · calibrated p 9e-4 ✓	21.3 EB05 18.9 · IC025 +4.1 3/3 methods agree	Not in label — unassessed	serious n=180	not reported in cached trials
Tendon injury	341	21.7 19.4–24.3ROR 21.8 · calibrated p 0.001 ✓	19.8 EB05 18.1 · IC025 +4.1 3/3 methods agree	Labeled (related wording) related wording	serious n=318 · 73% consumer	not reported in cached trials
Chronic fatigue syndrome	124	21.2 17.6–25.5ROR 21.2 · calibrated p 0.002 ✓	19.3 EB05 16.6 · IC025 +3.9 3/3 methods agree	Not in label — unassessed	serious n=122 · 100% consumer	not reported in cached trials
Radiculopathy	230	20.6 18.0–23.6ROR 20.7 · calibrated p 0.002 ✓	18.9 EB05 16.9 · IC025 +4.0 3/3 methods agree	Not in label — unassessed	serious n=228 · ♀ 100% (drug 58%)	not reported in cached trials
Connective tissue disorder	124	20.6 17.1–24.8ROR 20.6 · calibrated p 0.002 ✓	18.8 EB05 16.2 · IC025 +3.8 3/3 methods agree	Not in label — unassessed	serious n=120	not reported in cached trials
Proctitis	235	19.8 17.3–22.6ROR 19.8 · calibrated p 0.002 ✓	18.1 EB05 16.3 · IC025 +3.9 3/3 methods agree	Not in label — unassessed	serious n=235 · ♀ 85% (drug 58%)	not reported in cached trials
Ligament disorder	75	19.3 15.3–24.5ROR 19.4 · calibrated p 0.003 ✓	17.7 EB05 14.6 · IC025 +3.6 3/3 methods agree	Not in label — unassessed	♀ 100% (drug 58%) · 100% consumer	not reported in cached trials
End stage renal disease	1,425	18.1 17.2–19.1ROR 18.4 · calibrated p 0.003 ✓	16.8 EB05 16.1 · IC025 +4.0 3/3 methods agree	Not in label — unassessed	serious PRR 11.6	not reported in cached trials
Epicondylitis	115	17.8 14.7–21.6ROR 17.9 · calibrated p 0.004 ✓	16.5 EB05 14.1 · IC025 +3.6 3/3 methods agree	Not in label — unassessed	serious n=113 · 100% consumer	not reported in cached trials
Oesophageal spasm	139	17.6 14.8–20.9ROR 17.6 · calibrated p 0.004 ✓	16.3 EB05 14.1 · IC025 +3.7 3/3 methods agree	Not in label — unassessed	serious n=138 · ♀ 100% (drug 58%)	not reported in cached trials
Fistula discharge	92	16.9 13.7–20.9ROR 16.9 · calibrated p 0.005 ✓	15.6 EB05 13.1 · IC025 +3.5 3/3 methods agree	Not in label — unassessed	serious n=88 · ♀ 100% (drug 58%)	not reported in cached trials
Pseudomembranous colitis	145	14.9 12.6–17.7ROR 14.9 · calibrated p 0.007 ✓	14.0 EB05 12.1 · IC025 +3.5 3/3 methods agree	Labeled adverse reaction exact term	serious n=145 · 100% clinician	not reported in cached trials
Rectal abscess	104	14.2 11.7–17.3ROR 14.2 · calibrated p 0.009 ✓	13.3 EB05 11.3 · IC025 +3.3 3/3 methods agree	Not in label — unassessed	serious n=104 · ♀ 0% (drug 58%)	not reported in cached trials
Clostridium test positive	133	14.0 11.8–16.7ROR 14.0 · calibrated p 0.010 ✓	13.2 EB05 11.4 · IC025 +3.4 3/3 methods agree	Lab value / disease marker	serious n=133 · 100% clinician	not reported in cached trials
Muscle rupture	235	13.9 12.2–15.9ROR 14.0 · calibrated p 0.010 ✓	13.1 EB05 11.7 · IC025 +3.5 3/3 methods agree	Labeled (related wording) related wording	serious n=228 · ♀ 38% (drug 58%)	not reported in cached trials
Chronic sinusitis	226	13.9 12.1–15.9ROR 13.9 · calibrated p 0.010 ✓	13.0 EB05 11.7 · IC025 +3.5 3/3 methods agree	Likely indication confounding term in indications; also in warnings	serious n=224 · ♀ 100% (drug 58%)	not reported in cached trials
Chronic kidney disease	4,554	13.6 13.3–14.0ROR 14.3 · calibrated p 0.009 ✓	12.9 EB05 12.6 · IC025 +3.6 3/3 methods agree	Labeled (related wording) related wording	age-adj. PRR 11.4 · serious PRR 9.0	not reported in cached trials
Weight bearing difficulty	154	13.1 11.1–15.4ROR 13.1 · calibrated p 0.013 ✓	12.3 EB05 10.7 · IC025 +3.3 3/3 methods agree	Likely indication confounding shares a disease stem with the indications wording	serious n=147	not reported in cached trials
Plantar fasciitis	190	12.9 11.2–15.0ROR 12.9 · calibrated p 0.013 ✓	12.2 EB05 10.8 · IC025 +3.3 3/3 methods agree	Not in label — unassessed	serious n=182 · 72% consumer	not reported in cached trials
Clostridium difficile colitis	586	12.6 11.6–13.7ROR 12.7 · calibrated p 0.014 ✓	11.9 EB05 11.2 · IC025 +3.4 3/3 methods agree	Labeled (related wording) related wording	age-adj. PRR 11.4 · serious PRR 8.4	not reported in cached trials
Tubulointerstitial nephritis	996	12.1 11.4–12.9ROR 12.2 · calibrated p 0.016 ✓	11.5 EB05 10.9 · IC025 +3.4 3/3 methods agree	Not in label — unassessed	age-adj. PRR 9.8 · serious PRR 8.0	not reported in cached trials

Clinical concept groups

MedDRA splits one clinical problem across several terms (e.g. "neutropenia", "neutrophil count decreased", "agranulocytosis"), which dilutes term-level signals. These rows count reports with any term in a concept group (an exact union, not a sum), compared with all other drugs. Groups are hand-built and listed in the methods.

Concept	Reports	PRR 95% CI	Reading
Tendon disorder	5,741	38.437.3–39.4	signal
Severe cutaneous reaction	2,149	6.46.2–6.7	signal
Kidney injury	8,816	4.24.2–4.3	signal
Neutropenia / agranulocytosis	3,172	2.82.7–2.9	signal
Serious infection	9,694	2.72.7–2.8	signal
Rhabdomyolysis / myopathy	917	2.52.3–2.6	signal
Depression	3,142	2.42.4–2.5	signal
Hyponatraemia	899	2.42.3–2.6	signal
Arrhythmia / qt	2,092	2.42.3–2.5	signal
Anaemia	3,099	2.32.2–2.3	signal
Thrombocytopenia	2,141	2.12.0–2.2	signal
Liver injury	2,911	2.12.0–2.2	signal
Anaphylaxis / angioedema	1,119	1.91.8–2.1	raised
Opportunistic infection	1,099	1.81.7–1.9	raised
Gi bleeding	1,454	1.71.6–1.8	raised
Venous thromboembolism	1,566	1.61.5–1.7	raised

Trial evidence (ClinicalTrials.gov)

✓ Trial adverse-event data found on ClinicalTrials.gov

Largest completed trials with posted results that list Ciprofloxacin as a study intervention. The right-hand column of the signal table shows whether each FAERS term was also recorded in these trials, with a real denominator (0 of 40 signal terms matched).

NCT03354598 — Oral Sulopenem-etzadroxil/Probenecid Versus Ciprofloxacin for Uncomplicated Urinary Tract Infection in Adult W (N=1671, PHASE3; 12 AE terms posted; arms: Sulopenem-etzadroxil/Probenecid; Ciprofloxacin)

Caveats: trial populations, doses and follow-up differ from the reporting population; AE terms are sponsor-coded and matched here by wording; absence from a trial list means the term was not reported above the sponsor's frequency threshold, not that it cannot occur.

Most frequently reported reactions

By raw co-report count, regardless of disproportionality. Common terms here are often the illness itself or generic outcomes.

Reaction	Reports	PRR 95% CI · ROR · χ²/p	EBGM EB05 · IC025	Label screen	Serious-only & strata	Trial cross-check
Drug hypersensitivity	6,215	7.1 7.0–7.3ROR 7.6 · calibrated p 0.079	6.9 EB05 6.8 · IC025 +2.8 3/3 methods agree	Labeled (related wording) related wording	age-adj. PRR 5.8 · serious PRR 5.2 · ♀ 83% (drug 58%)	not reported in cached trials
Pain	6,139	2.2 2.1–2.2ROR 2.3 · calibrated p 0.924	2.2 EB05 2.1 · IC025 +1.1 3/3 methods agree	Labeled adverse reaction exact term	age-adj. PRR 2.3 · serious PRR 2.2	NCT03354598: 1/833 (0.1%) on Ciprofloxacin (serious AE)
Fatigue (tiredness)	6,080	1.7 1.7–1.7ROR 1.7 · calibrated p 0.800	1.7 EB05 1.7 · IC025 +0.7	Labeled — boxed warning synonym match	age-adj. PRR 1.6 · serious PRR 1.9	not reported in cached trials
Nausea	5,896	1.6 1.6–1.7ROR 1.7 · calibrated p 0.748	1.6 EB05 1.6 · IC025 +0.7	Labeled adverse reaction exact term	age-adj. PRR 1.5 · serious PRR 1.8	not reported in cached trials
Diarrhoea (diarrhea)	5,874	2.0 1.9–2.0ROR 2.1 · calibrated p 0.973	2.0 EB05 1.9 · IC025 +0.9	Likely indication confounding term in indications; also in warnings	age-adj. PRR 1.8 · serious PRR 2.1	NCT03354598: 1/827 (0.1%) on Ciprofloxacin (serious AE)
Arthralgia (joint pain)	5,587	3.0 2.9–3.0ROR 3.1 · calibrated p 0.604	2.9 EB05 2.9 · IC025 +1.5 3/3 methods agree	Labeled adverse reaction exact term	age-adj. PRR 2.9 · serious PRR 3.3	not reported in cached trials
Drug ineffective (drug did not work)	5,145	0.8 0.8–0.9ROR 0.8 · calibrated p 0.206	0.8 EB05 0.8 · IC025 -0.3 PRR-only: not supported by EBGM or IC	Reporting / coding artifact	age-adj. PRR 1.1 · serious PRR 1.4	not reported in cached trials
Acute kidney injury (sudden kidney damage)	4,766	7.0 6.8–7.2ROR 7.3 · calibrated p 0.088	6.8 EB05 6.6 · IC025 +2.7 3/3 methods agree	Labeled (related wording) related wording	age-adj. PRR 4.4 · serious PRR 4.7	not reported in cached trials
Dyspnoea (shortness of breath)	4,734	1.8 1.8–1.9ROR 1.9 · calibrated p 0.868	1.8 EB05 1.8 · IC025 +0.8	Labeled adverse reaction exact term	age-adj. PRR 1.7 · serious PRR 1.6	not reported in cached trials
Off label use (used outside approved label)	4,646	1.2 1.1–1.2ROR 1.2 · calibrated p 0.420	1.2 EB05 1.1 · IC025 +0.2	Reporting / coding artifact	age-adj. PRR 1.1 · serious PRR 1.3	not reported in cached trials
Chronic kidney disease	4,554	13.6 13.3–14.0ROR 14.3 · calibrated p 0.009 ✓	12.9 EB05 12.6 · IC025 +3.6 3/3 methods agree	Labeled (related wording) related wording	age-adj. PRR 11.4 · serious PRR 9.0	not reported in cached trials
Vomiting	4,430	2.1 2.0–2.1ROR 2.1 · calibrated p 0.997	2.0 EB05 2.0 · IC025 +1.0	Labeled adverse reaction exact term	age-adj. PRR 1.9 · serious PRR 1.9	not reported in cached trials
Pyrexia (fever)	4,253	2.7 2.6–2.8ROR 2.8 · calibrated p 0.709	2.7 EB05 2.6 · IC025 +1.4 3/3 methods agree	Labeled (related wording) related wording	age-adj. PRR 2.4 · serious PRR 2.2	not reported in cached trials
Anxiety	4,181	3.2 3.1–3.3ROR 3.3 · calibrated p 0.534	3.2 EB05 3.1 · IC025 +1.6 3/3 methods agree	Labeled adverse reaction exact term	age-adj. PRR 3.5 · serious PRR 3.0	not reported in cached trials
Headache	4,091	1.4 1.4–1.5ROR 1.4 · calibrated p 0.601	1.4 EB05 1.4 · IC025 +0.5	Labeled adverse reaction exact term	age-adj. PRR 1.4 · serious PRR 1.8	not reported in cached trials

Unlabeled candidate signals

These flagged terms were not found in the FDA label text and do not match an artifact pattern. They are the pairs that would merit a structured assessment (temporality, dose-response, biological plausibility, consistency across databases, trial or cohort evidence). The screen has not done that; string-matching misses label wording, and a strong PRR can still be stimulated reporting, co-medication, or the disease itself.

Vaginal flatulence — n=177, PRR 301.6
Total lung capacity increased — n=158, PRR 300.5
Chronic kidney disease-mineral and bone disorder — n=192, PRR 47.0
Hyperparathyroidism secondary — n=415, PRR 42.4
Nephrogenic anaemia — n=755, PRR 41.7
Dysbiosis — n=119, PRR 37.7
Female genital tract fistula — n=246, PRR 36.1
Rebound acid hypersecretion — n=437, PRR 35.9
Nasal oedema — n=249, PRR 34.9
Small fibre neuropathy — n=93, PRR 31.5

✓ A hand-written Bradford Hill causality assessment exists for this drug: Ciprofloxacin (fluoroquinolones) ↔ Tendon rupture / tendinitis.

Want to assess one of these properly? The runbook describes the Bradford Hill / trial-evidence workflow used on the assessment page, and handoff_top1000_signals.csv lists the strongest unassessed pairs across all drugs.

Common questions

What are the most reported side effects of Ciprofloxacin?

In FDA FAERS, the most frequently co-reported reaction terms for Ciprofloxacin are drug hypersensitivity, pain, fatigue, nausea, diarrhoea, arthralgia. These are report counts, not rates: FAERS has no denominator, reporting is voluntary and uneven, and a term can be reported because of the illness being treated rather than the drug.

Does Ciprofloxacin have an FDA boxed warning?

Yes. The current FDA label carries a boxed warning: SERIOUS ADVERSE REACTIONS INCLUDING TENDINITIS, TENDON RUPTURE, PERIPHERAL NEUROPATHY, CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM EFFECTS AND EXACERBATION OF MYASTHENIA GRAVIS • Fluoroquinolones, including ciprofloxacin, have been assoc.

Do FAERS signals prove that Ciprofloxacin causes these side effects?

No. A disproportionality signal (PRR, ROR) means a reaction is reported more often with this drug than with others in the database. That can reflect a real effect, but also the disease being treated, stimulated reporting after news or litigation, co-medications, or how reports are coded. Causality needs temporality, dose-response, biological plausibility, consistency across data sources and, ideally, trial or cohort evidence. This page screens each term against the FDA label and ClinicalTrials.gov results; it does not establish causation.

Sources & methods

FDA label via openFDA (set ID 18414c5a-8153-44f7-b27a-90c290af0a23, effective 20260327; matched on openfda.generic_name.exact:"CIPROFLOXACIN" AND openfda.product_type:"HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG")
PubChem CID 2764 description (ChEBI)
Bayesian shrinkage measures computed offline over all 1,317,300 cached pairs: BCPNN information component (IC, with Norén closed-form IC025) and MGPS empirical-Bayes geometric mean (EBGM, EB05) with a two-component gamma prior fitted by maximum marginal likelihood (α₁=0.57, β₁=0.02, α₂=1.42, β₂=0.70, w=0.17); unstratified
FAERS pair statistics from the OpenPV build of 2026-09-14 (openFDA count= aggregation, field patient.drug.openfda.generic_name.exact, 1,213 reaction terms, min 3 co-reports); PRR/ROR with 95% CI, chi-square with Yates correction
Serious-only and stratified counts (serious:1, patient.patientsex, primarysource.qualification) from openFDA count queries; serious-only PRR uses the drug serious report total and the term global serious total (N_serious=11,882,979); strata shown only when n ≥ 20
Seriousness and sex counts from openFDA count=serious, patient.patientsex, seriousnessdeath
ClinicalTrials.gov API v2 (query CIPROFLOXACIN, results-bearing studies sorted by enrollment)

Page generated 2026-10-14. Label and PubChem text are retrieved automatically and may lag the current label; always check the current prescribing information. OpenPV is a beta research tool of the Open Source Medicine Foundation.